Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

The effect of economic complexity on expected lifespan: The case of Turkey

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 118 - 132, 30.06.2023

Havanur Ergün Tatar

https://doi.org/10.47934/tife.12.01.06

Öz

Economic complexity is defined as a concept that symbolizes the more sophisticated production of countries. The inclusion of productive knowledge as an important input in the production process makes a significant contribution to the product diversity of countries. At this point, economic complexity interacts with various indicators that symbolize prosperity in the country. In this study, the examination of the relationship between economic complexity and expected life expectancy, which has not been widely researched in the field literature, is analysed using current econometric methods and the data of the years 1995-2020. Using Fractional Frequency Fourier-ADL Cointegration Test, cointegration examination is carried out and causality is examined using Fractional Frequency Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test. it has been revealed that there exists a cointegration relationship. In the causality analysis, it is determined that there is a one-way causality from economic complexity to life expectancy. In addition, bidirectional causality is found between life expectancy and GDP per capita. As for the result of the estimation, it is determined that economic complexity positively affects life expectancy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Economic complexity Expected Lifespan Fractional Frequency Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test

Kaynakça

  • Altıntaş, H. ve Çetintaş, H. (2010). Türkiye’de ekonomik büyüme, beşeri sermaye ve ihracat arasındaki ilişkilerin ekonometrik analizi: 1970-2005. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, (36), 33-56.
  • Anozie, J. A. ve Nkoro, E. (2023). Internatıonal trade and lıfe expectancy ın Nigeria. EPRA International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Studies (EBMS), 10(1), 113-126.
  • Arias, E., Xu, J. ve Jim, M. A. (2014). Period life tables for the non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native population, 2007–2009. American Journal of Public Health, 104(S3), 312-319.
  • Aydın, B. (2020). İktisadi göstergelerin beklenen yaşam süresi üzerindeki etkileri: Panel veri analizi. İstanbul İktisat Dergisi, 70(1), 163-181.
  • Atlas Media (2023). http://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/
  • Banerjee, P., Arˇcabi´c, V. ve Lee, H., (2017). Fourier ADL cointegration test to approximate smooth breaks with new evidence from Crude Oil Market. Econ. Modell, 67, 114–124.
  • Base, E. ve Kalaycı, S. (2021), Relationship between life expectancy, foreign direct investment and trade openness: evidence from Turkey. Montenegrin Journal of Economics, 17(1), 31-43.
  • Bucak, Ç. (2021). AB15 ülkelerinde ve Türkiye’de ekonomik karmaşıklık endeksi, insani gelişme endeksi ve karbon emisyonu: panel veri analizi. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 12(1), 71-88.
  • Can, M. ve Doğan, B. (2018). Ekonomik kompleksite ve finansal gelişme ilişkisi: Türkiye örnekleminde ampirik bir analiz. Finans Politik ve Ekonomik Yorumlar, (638), 5-16.
  • Chang, C. K., Hayes, R. D., Perera, G., Broadbent, M. T., Fernandes, A. C., Lee, W. E., ... ve Stewart, R. (2011). Life expectancy at birth for people with serious mental illness and other major disorders from a secondary mental health care case register in London. PloS one, 6(5), e19590.
  • Christopoulos, D.K. ve Leon-Ledesma, M.A., (2011). International output convergence, breaks, and asymmetric adjustment. Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics and Econometrics. 15(3).
  • Chuang, Y.-C. (2000). Human capital, exports and economic growth: a causality analysis for Taiwan 1952– 1995. Review of International Economics, 8(4): 712-720.
  • Contractor, F. J. ve Mudambi, S. M. (2008). The influence of human capital investment on the exports of services and goods: An analysis of the top 25 services outsourcing countries. MIR: Management International Review, 433-445.
  • Costinot, A. (2009). On the origins of comparative advantage. Journal of International Economics, 77(2), 255-264.
  • Çoban, M. N. (2020). Ekonomik kompleksite ve insani gelişmişlik ilişkisi: E7 ülkeleri için bir analiz. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(2), 467-479.
  • Enders, W. ve Lee, J. (2012). The flexible Fourier form and Dickey-Fuller type unit root tests. Economic Letters, 117, 196-199.
  • Fafchamps, M. (2006). Development and social capital. The Journal of Development Studies, 42(7), 1180-1198.
  • Felipe, J., Kumar, U., Abdon, A. ve Bacate, M. (2012). Product complexity and economic development. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 23(1), 36–68.
  • Ferraz, D., Moralles, H. F., Campoli, J. S., Oliveira, F. C. R. D. ve Rebelatto, D. A. D. N. (2018). Economic complexity and human development: DEA performance measurement in Asia and Latin America. Gestão & Produção, 25, 839-853.
  • Genç, M. C., Değer, M. K. ve Berber, M. (2010). Beşeri sermaye, ihracat ve ekonomik büyüme: Türkiye ekonomisi üzerine nedensellik analizi. Bilgi Ekonomisi ve Yönetimi Dergisi, 5(1), 29-41.
  • Hartmann, D. (2014). Economic complexity and human development: How economic diversification and social networks affect human agency and welfare. Taylor & Francis.
  • Hartmann, D., Guevara, M. R., Jara-Figueroa, C., Aristarán, M. ve Hidalgo, C. A. (2017). Linking economic complexity, institutions, and income inequality. World development, 93, 75-93.
  • Hausmann, R. ve Klinger, B. (2007). The Structure of the Product Space and the Evolution of Comparative Advantage. In CID working paper, Harvard University, Cambridge (Issue No. 146).
  • Hausmann, R., Hwang, J. ve Rodrik, D. (2007). What you export matters. Journal of Economic Growth, 12, 1-25.
  • Herzer, D. (2015). The long-run effect of trade on life expectancy in the United States: An empirical note. Applied Economics Letters, 22(5), 416-420.
  • Hidalgo, C. A. ve Hausmann, R. (2009). The building blocks of economic complexity. Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences, 106(26), 10570-10575.
  • Ilkay, S. C., Yılancı, V., Ulucak, R. ve Jones, K. (2021). Technology spillovers and sustainable environment: Evidence from time-series analyses with Fourier extension. Journal of Environmental Management, 294, 113033.
  • Lapatinas, A. (2016). Economic complexity and human development: Anote. Economics Bulletin, 36(3), 1441-1452.
  • Lee, K. K. ve Vu, T. V. (2020). Economic complexity, human capital and income inequality: a cross-country analysis. The Japanese Economic Review, 71, 695-718.
  • Levin, A. L. ve Raut, L. K. (1997). Complementarities Between Exports and Human Capital in Economic Growth: Evidence from the Semi Industrialized Countries. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 46, 155-174.
  • Mbabazi, G. (2017). The impact of trade on human development in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1137004/FULLTEXT01.pdf
  • Monsef, A. ve Mehrjardi, A. S. (2015). Determinants of life expectancy: A panel data approach. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 5(11), 1251-1257.
  • Munasinghe, M. (2009). Sustainable development in practice. Cambridge: New York, USA.
  • Narayan, P. K. ve Smyth, R. (2004). Temporal causality and the dynamics of exports, human capital and real income in China. International Journal of Applied Economics, 1(1), 24-45.
  • Nazlıoğlu, S., Gormus A. ve Soytas, U. (2016). Oil prices and real estate investment trusts (reits): Gradualshift causality and volatility transmission analysis. Energy Economics. 1-28.
  • Nordhaus, W. D. (2005). Irving Fisher and the contribution of improved longevity to living standards. American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 64(1), 367-392.
  • Özer, M. O. (2022). Yenilenebilir Enerji ve Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişki: Danimarka Örneği. S. İpek, C. Kılıç ve S. S. Tan içinde, Sosyal Bilimlerde Güncel Araştırmalar II, Ekin Yayınevi: Bursa.
  • Pata, U. K. ve Yılancı, V. (2020). Financial development, globalization and ecological footprint in G7: Further evidence from threshold cointegration and fractional frequency causality tests. Environmental and Ecological Statistics, 27, 803-825.
  • Schieber, G. ve Maeda, A. (1999). Health care financing and delivery in Developing Countries. Health Affairs, 18(3), 193-205.
  • Sen, A. (1981). Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Sen, A. (2004). Özgürlükle Kalkınma, (Çev: Yavuz Alogan), Ayrıntı Yayınları: İstanbul.
  • Shryock, S. ve Siegel, J. S (1973). The Methods, and Materials of Demography. Washington, DC, US Bureau of the Census.
  • Simou, E. ve Koutsogeorgou, E. (2014). Effects of the economic crisis on health and healthcare in Greece in the literature from 2009 to 2013: a systematic review. Health Policy, 115(2-3), 111-119.
  • Spatafora, M. N., Anand, R. ve Mishra, M. S. (2012). Structural transformation and the sophistication of production. International Monetary Fund, 12(59).
  • Strully, K. W. (2009). Job loss and health in the US labor market. Demography, 46(2), 221-246.
  • Delavari, S., Zandian, H., Rezaei, S., Moradinazar, M., Delavari, S., Saber, A., ve Fallah, R. (2016). Life expectancy and its socioeconomic determinants in Iran. Electronic Physician, 8(10), 3062.
  • Teker, D., Teker, S. ve Sönmez, M. (2012). Ekonomik değişkenlerin kadın ve erkeğin yaşam süresine etkisi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(3), 118-126.
  • Tüylüoğlu, Ş. ve Tekin, M. (2009). Gelir düzeyi ve sağlık harcamalarının beklenen yaşam süresi ve bebek ölüm oranı üzerindeki etkileri. Çukurova Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(1), 1-31.
  • Utkovski, Z., Pradier, M.F., Stojkoski, V., Perez-Cruz, F. ve Kocarev, L., (2018). Economic complexity unfolded the interpretable model for the productive structure of economies. PLoS One 13(8), 1–38.
  • Venkataramani, A. S., O’Brien, R., Whitehorn, G. L., ve Tsai, A. C. (2020). Economic influences on population health in the United States: toward policymaking driven by data and evidence. PLoS Medicine, 17(9), 1-17.
  • Vu, T. V. (2020). Economic complexity and health outcomes: A global perspective. Social Science & Medicine, 265, 113480.
  • Worldbank (2023). World Development Indicators. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators.
  • Yalta, A. Y. ve Yalta, T. (2021). Determinants of economic complexity in MENA Countries. JOEEP: Journal of Emerging Economies and Policy, 6(1), 5-16.

Ekonomik kompleksitenin beklenen yaşam süresi üzerindeki etkisi: Türkiye örneği

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 118 - 132, 30.06.2023

Havanur Ergün Tatar

https://doi.org/10.47934/tife.12.01.06

Öz

Ekonomik kompleksite, ülkelerin daha sofistike üretimini simgeleyen bir kavram olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Üretken bilginin önemli bir girdi olarak üretim sürecine dahil edilmesi, ülkelerin ürün çeşitliliğine önemli katkı sunmaktadır. Bu noktada, ekonomik kompleksite ülkede refahı simgeleyen çeşitli göstergelerle etkileşim içerisindedir. Bu çalışmada, literatürde geniş araştırma alanı bulamamış ekonomik kompleksite ve beklenen yaşama süresi arasındaki ilişki güncel ekonometrik yöntemlerle 1995-2020 dönemi veriler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Kesirli Frekanslı Fourier-ADL Eşbütünleşme Testi ile eşbütünleşme incelemesi ve Kesirli Frekanslı Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Nedensellik Testi ile nedensellik incelemesi yapılmıştır. Kesirli Frekanslı Fourier-ADF testi eşbütünleşme analizi sonucunda, eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin varlığı ortaya konulmuştur. Nedensellik incelemesinde, ekonomik kompleksiteden beklenen yaşam süresine doğru tek yönlü nedensellik tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca beklenen yaşam süresi ve kişi başına GSYİH’e arasında çift yönlü nedensellik tespit edilmiştir. Tahmin sonucunda ise, ekonomik kompleksitenin beklenen yaşam süresini pozitif etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ekonomik kompleksite Beklenen Yaşam Süresi Kesirli Frekanslı Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Nedensellik Testi

Kaynakça

  • Altıntaş, H. ve Çetintaş, H. (2010). Türkiye’de ekonomik büyüme, beşeri sermaye ve ihracat arasındaki ilişkilerin ekonometrik analizi: 1970-2005. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, (36), 33-56.
  • Anozie, J. A. ve Nkoro, E. (2023). Internatıonal trade and lıfe expectancy ın Nigeria. EPRA International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Studies (EBMS), 10(1), 113-126.
  • Arias, E., Xu, J. ve Jim, M. A. (2014). Period life tables for the non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native population, 2007–2009. American Journal of Public Health, 104(S3), 312-319.
  • Aydın, B. (2020). İktisadi göstergelerin beklenen yaşam süresi üzerindeki etkileri: Panel veri analizi. İstanbul İktisat Dergisi, 70(1), 163-181.
  • Atlas Media (2023). http://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/
  • Banerjee, P., Arˇcabi´c, V. ve Lee, H., (2017). Fourier ADL cointegration test to approximate smooth breaks with new evidence from Crude Oil Market. Econ. Modell, 67, 114–124.
  • Base, E. ve Kalaycı, S. (2021), Relationship between life expectancy, foreign direct investment and trade openness: evidence from Turkey. Montenegrin Journal of Economics, 17(1), 31-43.
  • Bucak, Ç. (2021). AB15 ülkelerinde ve Türkiye’de ekonomik karmaşıklık endeksi, insani gelişme endeksi ve karbon emisyonu: panel veri analizi. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 12(1), 71-88.
  • Can, M. ve Doğan, B. (2018). Ekonomik kompleksite ve finansal gelişme ilişkisi: Türkiye örnekleminde ampirik bir analiz. Finans Politik ve Ekonomik Yorumlar, (638), 5-16.
  • Chang, C. K., Hayes, R. D., Perera, G., Broadbent, M. T., Fernandes, A. C., Lee, W. E., ... ve Stewart, R. (2011). Life expectancy at birth for people with serious mental illness and other major disorders from a secondary mental health care case register in London. PloS one, 6(5), e19590.
  • Christopoulos, D.K. ve Leon-Ledesma, M.A., (2011). International output convergence, breaks, and asymmetric adjustment. Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics and Econometrics. 15(3).
  • Chuang, Y.-C. (2000). Human capital, exports and economic growth: a causality analysis for Taiwan 1952– 1995. Review of International Economics, 8(4): 712-720.
  • Contractor, F. J. ve Mudambi, S. M. (2008). The influence of human capital investment on the exports of services and goods: An analysis of the top 25 services outsourcing countries. MIR: Management International Review, 433-445.
  • Costinot, A. (2009). On the origins of comparative advantage. Journal of International Economics, 77(2), 255-264.
  • Çoban, M. N. (2020). Ekonomik kompleksite ve insani gelişmişlik ilişkisi: E7 ülkeleri için bir analiz. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(2), 467-479.
  • Enders, W. ve Lee, J. (2012). The flexible Fourier form and Dickey-Fuller type unit root tests. Economic Letters, 117, 196-199.
  • Fafchamps, M. (2006). Development and social capital. The Journal of Development Studies, 42(7), 1180-1198.
  • Felipe, J., Kumar, U., Abdon, A. ve Bacate, M. (2012). Product complexity and economic development. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 23(1), 36–68.
  • Ferraz, D., Moralles, H. F., Campoli, J. S., Oliveira, F. C. R. D. ve Rebelatto, D. A. D. N. (2018). Economic complexity and human development: DEA performance measurement in Asia and Latin America. Gestão & Produção, 25, 839-853.
  • Genç, M. C., Değer, M. K. ve Berber, M. (2010). Beşeri sermaye, ihracat ve ekonomik büyüme: Türkiye ekonomisi üzerine nedensellik analizi. Bilgi Ekonomisi ve Yönetimi Dergisi, 5(1), 29-41.
  • Hartmann, D. (2014). Economic complexity and human development: How economic diversification and social networks affect human agency and welfare. Taylor & Francis.
  • Hartmann, D., Guevara, M. R., Jara-Figueroa, C., Aristarán, M. ve Hidalgo, C. A. (2017). Linking economic complexity, institutions, and income inequality. World development, 93, 75-93.
  • Hausmann, R. ve Klinger, B. (2007). The Structure of the Product Space and the Evolution of Comparative Advantage. In CID working paper, Harvard University, Cambridge (Issue No. 146).
  • Hausmann, R., Hwang, J. ve Rodrik, D. (2007). What you export matters. Journal of Economic Growth, 12, 1-25.
  • Herzer, D. (2015). The long-run effect of trade on life expectancy in the United States: An empirical note. Applied Economics Letters, 22(5), 416-420.
  • Hidalgo, C. A. ve Hausmann, R. (2009). The building blocks of economic complexity. Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences, 106(26), 10570-10575.
  • Ilkay, S. C., Yılancı, V., Ulucak, R. ve Jones, K. (2021). Technology spillovers and sustainable environment: Evidence from time-series analyses with Fourier extension. Journal of Environmental Management, 294, 113033.
  • Lapatinas, A. (2016). Economic complexity and human development: Anote. Economics Bulletin, 36(3), 1441-1452.
  • Lee, K. K. ve Vu, T. V. (2020). Economic complexity, human capital and income inequality: a cross-country analysis. The Japanese Economic Review, 71, 695-718.
  • Levin, A. L. ve Raut, L. K. (1997). Complementarities Between Exports and Human Capital in Economic Growth: Evidence from the Semi Industrialized Countries. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 46, 155-174.
  • Mbabazi, G. (2017). The impact of trade on human development in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1137004/FULLTEXT01.pdf
  • Monsef, A. ve Mehrjardi, A. S. (2015). Determinants of life expectancy: A panel data approach. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 5(11), 1251-1257.
  • Munasinghe, M. (2009). Sustainable development in practice. Cambridge: New York, USA.
  • Narayan, P. K. ve Smyth, R. (2004). Temporal causality and the dynamics of exports, human capital and real income in China. International Journal of Applied Economics, 1(1), 24-45.
  • Nazlıoğlu, S., Gormus A. ve Soytas, U. (2016). Oil prices and real estate investment trusts (reits): Gradualshift causality and volatility transmission analysis. Energy Economics. 1-28.
  • Nordhaus, W. D. (2005). Irving Fisher and the contribution of improved longevity to living standards. American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 64(1), 367-392.
  • Özer, M. O. (2022). Yenilenebilir Enerji ve Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişki: Danimarka Örneği. S. İpek, C. Kılıç ve S. S. Tan içinde, Sosyal Bilimlerde Güncel Araştırmalar II, Ekin Yayınevi: Bursa.
  • Pata, U. K. ve Yılancı, V. (2020). Financial development, globalization and ecological footprint in G7: Further evidence from threshold cointegration and fractional frequency causality tests. Environmental and Ecological Statistics, 27, 803-825.
  • Schieber, G. ve Maeda, A. (1999). Health care financing and delivery in Developing Countries. Health Affairs, 18(3), 193-205.
  • Sen, A. (1981). Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Sen, A. (2004). Özgürlükle Kalkınma, (Çev: Yavuz Alogan), Ayrıntı Yayınları: İstanbul.
  • Shryock, S. ve Siegel, J. S (1973). The Methods, and Materials of Demography. Washington, DC, US Bureau of the Census.
  • Simou, E. ve Koutsogeorgou, E. (2014). Effects of the economic crisis on health and healthcare in Greece in the literature from 2009 to 2013: a systematic review. Health Policy, 115(2-3), 111-119.
  • Spatafora, M. N., Anand, R. ve Mishra, M. S. (2012). Structural transformation and the sophistication of production. International Monetary Fund, 12(59).
  • Strully, K. W. (2009). Job loss and health in the US labor market. Demography, 46(2), 221-246.
  • Delavari, S., Zandian, H., Rezaei, S., Moradinazar, M., Delavari, S., Saber, A., ve Fallah, R. (2016). Life expectancy and its socioeconomic determinants in Iran. Electronic Physician, 8(10), 3062.
  • Teker, D., Teker, S. ve Sönmez, M. (2012). Ekonomik değişkenlerin kadın ve erkeğin yaşam süresine etkisi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(3), 118-126.
  • Tüylüoğlu, Ş. ve Tekin, M. (2009). Gelir düzeyi ve sağlık harcamalarının beklenen yaşam süresi ve bebek ölüm oranı üzerindeki etkileri. Çukurova Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(1), 1-31.
  • Utkovski, Z., Pradier, M.F., Stojkoski, V., Perez-Cruz, F. ve Kocarev, L., (2018). Economic complexity unfolded the interpretable model for the productive structure of economies. PLoS One 13(8), 1–38.
  • Venkataramani, A. S., O’Brien, R., Whitehorn, G. L., ve Tsai, A. C. (2020). Economic influences on population health in the United States: toward policymaking driven by data and evidence. PLoS Medicine, 17(9), 1-17.
  • Vu, T. V. (2020). Economic complexity and health outcomes: A global perspective. Social Science & Medicine, 265, 113480.
  • Worldbank (2023). World Development Indicators. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators.
  • Yalta, A. Y. ve Yalta, T. (2021). Determinants of economic complexity in MENA Countries. JOEEP: Journal of Emerging Economies and Policy, 6(1), 5-16.
Toplam 53 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Ekonomisi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Havanur Ergün Tatar 0000-0002-4284-9083

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 15 Haziran 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Ergün Tatar, H. (2023). Ekonomik kompleksitenin beklenen yaşam süresi üzerindeki etkisi: Türkiye örneği. Trakya Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi E-Dergi, 12(1), 118-132. https://doi.org/10.47934/tife.12.01.06
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