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Is Islamic Banking Effective on Conventional Banking? A Causality Analysis on the Case of Türkiye

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4, 982 - 998, 31.12.2022

Hasan Kazak

https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1196986
Cited By: 1

Öz

Studies on the relationship between Islamic banking activities and the banking sector will contribute to the qualified growth of the finance field. In this paper, it has been evaluated whether the Islamic banking field affects the conventional banking field. The study aims to determine the causality relationship between the variables discussed in the case of Türkiye. Quarterly data for the period 2005:Q1-2022:Q2 were used in the study. A modified version of the Granger causality test proposed by Toda and Yamamoto was used to investigate causality between variables. The study reveals the causality between Islamic banking participation fund and fund disbursement volume and traditional banking deposit volume. The results of the analysis reveal that the deposit and loan volume of Islamic banks is effective on the volume of conventional banks deposits (granger reason), while the volume of conventional banking deposits is also effective on the volume of Islamic banking participation funds (granger reason). This study, on the one hand, reveals the importance of participation banks in terms of the banking sector, and on the other hand, makes an important contribution to the literature in terms of considering the relationship between Islamic banks (participation banks) and conventional banks from a different perspective.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Islamic banking Participation banking Conventional banking Banking Deposit Credit Toda–Yamamoto Causality test

Kaynakça

  • Abduh, M. and Omar, M.A. (2012). Islamic banking and economic growth: The Indonesian experience. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 5(1), 35-47. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538391211216811
  • Agustina, M., Majid, M.S.A., Musnadi, S., Faisal, F., Hafasnuddin, H. and Suriani, S. (2022). Islamic banking, economic growth, and poverty reduction in Indonesia. Paper presented at the 2022 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Applications (DASA). Chiangrai, Thailand. Retrieved from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9765089
  • Ahmad, Z. (1984). Concept and models of Islamic Banking: An Assessment. Paper presented at the Seminar on Islamization of Banking, Karachi, Pakistan.
  • Al-Qudair, K.H. (2005). The relationship between government expenditure and revenues in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Testing for cointegration and causality. Economics and Administration, 19(1). Retrieved from https://www.kau.edu.sa/
  • Amiri, A. and Ventelou, B. (2012). Granger causality between total expenditure on health and GDP in OECD: Evidence from the Toda–Yamamoto approach. Economics Letters, 116(3), 541-544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2012.04.040
  • BDDK. (2022). Aylık Bankacılık Sektörü Verileri [Veri Seti] Erişim adresi: https://www.bddk.org.tr/BultenAylik
  • Belkhaoui, S. (2022). Banking system and economic growth linkages in MENA region: Complementarity and substitutability between Islamic and conventional banking. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-03-2021-0091
  • Büyükakin, F., Bozkurt, H. ve Cengiz, V. (2009). Türkiye’de parasal aktarımın faiz kanalının Granger nedensellik ve Toda-Yamamota yöntemleri ile analizi. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 33, 101-118. Erişim adresi: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/erciyesiibd/
  • Campbell, J.Y. and Mankiw, N.G. (1987). Are output fluctuations transitory? The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 102(4), 857-880. https://doi.org/10.2307/1884285
  • Caporale, G.M. and Helmi, M.H. (2018). Islamic banking, credit, and economic growth: Some empirical evidence. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 23(4), 456-477. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.1632
  • Caporale, G.M. and Pittis, N. (1999). Efficient estimation of cointegrating vectors and testing for causality in vector autoregressions. Journal of Economic Surveys, 13(1), 1-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6419.00073
  • Chachi, A. (2005). Origin and development of commercial and Islamic banking operations. Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, 18(2), 3-25. Retrieved from https://iaif.ir/
  • Chong, B.S. and Liu, M.-H. (2009). Islamic banking: Interest-free or interest-based? Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 17(1), 125-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2007.12.003
  • Dolado, J.J. and Lütkepohl, H. (1996). Making Wald tests work for cointegrated VAR systems. Econometric Reviews, 15(4), 369-386. https://doi.org/10.1080/07474939608800362
  • El-Galfy, A. and Khiyar, K.A. (2012). Islamic banking and economic growth: A review. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 28(5), 943-956. https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i5.7236
  • Erdoğan, R.T. (2022). Katılım finans strateji belgesi tanıtım toplantısı. Erişim adresi: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-turkiye-yuzyilini-hep-birlikte-insa-edecegiz/2701161#
  • Furqani, H. and Mulyany, R. (2009). Islamic banking and economic growth: Empirical evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Economic Cooperation & Development, 30(2). Retrieved from https://www.sid.ir/
  • Gheeraert, L. (2014). Does Islamic finance spur banking sector development? Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 103, 4-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2014.02.013
  • Granger, C.W.J. (1969). Investigating casual relations by econometric models and cross spectral. Econometrica, 37(3), 424-438. https://doi.org/10.2307/1912791
  • Granger, C.W. and Newbold, P. (1974). Spurious regressions in econometrics. Journal of Econometrics, 2(2), 111-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(74)90034-7
  • Hamilton, J.D. (1994). Time series analysis. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Hou, J.-R., Huang, P. and Huang, D. (2006). A unit root test for two time series in China’s tourism industry. Chinese Economy, 39(6), 39-48. https://doi.org/10.2753/CES1097-1475390603
  • Imam, P. and Kpodar, K. (2013). Islamic banking: How has it expanded? Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 49(6), 112-137. https://doi.org/10.2753/REE1540-496X490607
  • Ito, T. (2013). Islamic rates of return and conventional interest rates in the Malaysian deposit market. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 6(4), 290-303. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-11-2012-0113
  • Kaleem, A. and Isa, M.M. (2003). Causal relationship between Islamic and conventional banking instruments in Malaysia. International Journal of Islamic Financial Services, 4(4), 1-8. Retrieved from http://www.iaif.ir/
  • Kavoossi, M. (1993). Islamic economy and economic growth: The case of Iran. In M.E. Kreinin (Ed.), International commercial policy: Issues for the 1990s (pp. 253-273). UK: Taylor & Francis.
  • Kazak, H. ve Okka, O. (2022). İslami finans ekonomik kalkınma ve sosyal barış (1. bs.). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Khan, M.S. (1986). Islamic interest-free banking: A theoretical analysis. Staff Papers, 33(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.2307/3866920
  • Lebdaoui, H. and Wild, J. (2016). Islamic banking presence and economic growth in Southeast Asia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 9(4), 551-569. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-03-2015-0037
  • Lee, S.-P., Auzairy, N.A., Isa, M. and Choong, C.-K. (2017). Dynamic relation between Islamic and conventional lending rates in Malaysia. Afro-Asian Journal of Finance and Accounting, 7(1), 65-83. https://doi.org/10.1504/AAJFA.2017.082929
  • Liaqat, O., Nizam, K., Saghir, W. and Lakho, A. (2021). The causality between TDRs returns of Islamic banks and conventional banks in Pakistan pre & post-crisis. Competitive Social Science Research Journal, 2(4), 159-173. Retrieved from https://www.cssrjournal.com/
  • MacKinnon, J.G. (2010). Critical values for cointegration tests (Queen's Economics Department Working Paper No. 1227). Retrieved from https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/67744/1/616664753.pdf
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  • Mohd Yusoff, Z.Z. and Azhar, N.L. (2019). Relationship between conventional and Islamic interbank rates of a dual banking system in Malaysia, Middle East, and Western countries. Journal of International Business, Economics and Entrepreneurship (JIBE), 4(2), 38-45. https://doi.org/10.24191/jibe.v4i2.14313
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İslami Bankacılık Konvansiyonel Bankacılık Üzerinde Etkili mi? Türkiye Örneği Üzerinden Bir Nedensellik Analizi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4, 982 - 998, 31.12.2022

Hasan Kazak

https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1196986
Cited By: 1

Öz

İslami bankacılık faaliyetleri ile bankacılık sektörü ilişkisine yönelik yapılacak çalışmalar finans alanının nitelikli büyümesine katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada İslami bankacılık alanının konvansiyonel bankacılık alanı üzerinde bir etkisinin olup olmadığı değerlendirilerek, Türkiye örneği üzerinde ele alınan değişkenler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada 2005:Q1-2022:Q2 dönemine ait üç aylık veriler kullanılmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki nedenselliği araştırmak için Toda ve Yamamoto tarafından önerilen Granger nedensellik testinin değiştirilmiş bir versiyonu kullanılmıştır. Çalışma İslami bankacılık katılım fonu ve fon kullandırma hacmi ile konvansiyonel bankacılık mevduat hacmi arasındaki nedenselliği ortaya koymaktadır. Analiz sonuçları İslami bankalarının katılım fonu ve fon kullandırma hacminin konvansiyonel bankalar mevduat hacmi üzerinde etkili olduğunu (granger nedeni), aynı zamanda konvansiyonel bankacılık mevduat hacminin de İslami bankacılık katılım fon hacmi üzerinde etkili olduğunu (granger nedeni) göstermektedir. Çalışma elde edilen sonuçlarla bir taraftan bankacılık sektörü açısından katılım bankalarının önemini ortaya koymakta diğer taraftan İslami bankalar (katılım bankaları) ile konvansiyonel bankalar arasındaki ilişkiyi farklı bir perspektiften ele alarak literatüre önemli bir katkı sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İslami bankacılık Katılım bankacılığı Konvansiyonel bankacılık Bankacılık Mevduat Kredi Toda–Yamamoto Nedensellik testi

Kaynakça

  • Abduh, M. and Omar, M.A. (2012). Islamic banking and economic growth: The Indonesian experience. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 5(1), 35-47. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538391211216811
  • Agustina, M., Majid, M.S.A., Musnadi, S., Faisal, F., Hafasnuddin, H. and Suriani, S. (2022). Islamic banking, economic growth, and poverty reduction in Indonesia. Paper presented at the 2022 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Applications (DASA). Chiangrai, Thailand. Retrieved from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9765089
  • Ahmad, Z. (1984). Concept and models of Islamic Banking: An Assessment. Paper presented at the Seminar on Islamization of Banking, Karachi, Pakistan.
  • Al-Qudair, K.H. (2005). The relationship between government expenditure and revenues in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Testing for cointegration and causality. Economics and Administration, 19(1). Retrieved from https://www.kau.edu.sa/
  • Amiri, A. and Ventelou, B. (2012). Granger causality between total expenditure on health and GDP in OECD: Evidence from the Toda–Yamamoto approach. Economics Letters, 116(3), 541-544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2012.04.040
  • BDDK. (2022). Aylık Bankacılık Sektörü Verileri [Veri Seti] Erişim adresi: https://www.bddk.org.tr/BultenAylik
  • Belkhaoui, S. (2022). Banking system and economic growth linkages in MENA region: Complementarity and substitutability between Islamic and conventional banking. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-03-2021-0091
  • Büyükakin, F., Bozkurt, H. ve Cengiz, V. (2009). Türkiye’de parasal aktarımın faiz kanalının Granger nedensellik ve Toda-Yamamota yöntemleri ile analizi. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 33, 101-118. Erişim adresi: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/erciyesiibd/
  • Campbell, J.Y. and Mankiw, N.G. (1987). Are output fluctuations transitory? The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 102(4), 857-880. https://doi.org/10.2307/1884285
  • Caporale, G.M. and Helmi, M.H. (2018). Islamic banking, credit, and economic growth: Some empirical evidence. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 23(4), 456-477. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.1632
  • Caporale, G.M. and Pittis, N. (1999). Efficient estimation of cointegrating vectors and testing for causality in vector autoregressions. Journal of Economic Surveys, 13(1), 1-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6419.00073
  • Chachi, A. (2005). Origin and development of commercial and Islamic banking operations. Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, 18(2), 3-25. Retrieved from https://iaif.ir/
  • Chong, B.S. and Liu, M.-H. (2009). Islamic banking: Interest-free or interest-based? Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 17(1), 125-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2007.12.003
  • Dolado, J.J. and Lütkepohl, H. (1996). Making Wald tests work for cointegrated VAR systems. Econometric Reviews, 15(4), 369-386. https://doi.org/10.1080/07474939608800362
  • El-Galfy, A. and Khiyar, K.A. (2012). Islamic banking and economic growth: A review. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 28(5), 943-956. https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i5.7236
  • Erdoğan, R.T. (2022). Katılım finans strateji belgesi tanıtım toplantısı. Erişim adresi: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-turkiye-yuzyilini-hep-birlikte-insa-edecegiz/2701161#
  • Furqani, H. and Mulyany, R. (2009). Islamic banking and economic growth: Empirical evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Economic Cooperation & Development, 30(2). Retrieved from https://www.sid.ir/
  • Gheeraert, L. (2014). Does Islamic finance spur banking sector development? Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 103, 4-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2014.02.013
  • Granger, C.W.J. (1969). Investigating casual relations by econometric models and cross spectral. Econometrica, 37(3), 424-438. https://doi.org/10.2307/1912791
  • Granger, C.W. and Newbold, P. (1974). Spurious regressions in econometrics. Journal of Econometrics, 2(2), 111-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(74)90034-7
  • Hamilton, J.D. (1994). Time series analysis. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Hou, J.-R., Huang, P. and Huang, D. (2006). A unit root test for two time series in China’s tourism industry. Chinese Economy, 39(6), 39-48. https://doi.org/10.2753/CES1097-1475390603
  • Imam, P. and Kpodar, K. (2013). Islamic banking: How has it expanded? Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 49(6), 112-137. https://doi.org/10.2753/REE1540-496X490607
  • Ito, T. (2013). Islamic rates of return and conventional interest rates in the Malaysian deposit market. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 6(4), 290-303. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-11-2012-0113
  • Kaleem, A. and Isa, M.M. (2003). Causal relationship between Islamic and conventional banking instruments in Malaysia. International Journal of Islamic Financial Services, 4(4), 1-8. Retrieved from http://www.iaif.ir/
  • Kavoossi, M. (1993). Islamic economy and economic growth: The case of Iran. In M.E. Kreinin (Ed.), International commercial policy: Issues for the 1990s (pp. 253-273). UK: Taylor & Francis.
  • Kazak, H. ve Okka, O. (2022). İslami finans ekonomik kalkınma ve sosyal barış (1. bs.). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Khan, M.S. (1986). Islamic interest-free banking: A theoretical analysis. Staff Papers, 33(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.2307/3866920
  • Lebdaoui, H. and Wild, J. (2016). Islamic banking presence and economic growth in Southeast Asia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 9(4), 551-569. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-03-2015-0037
  • Lee, S.-P., Auzairy, N.A., Isa, M. and Choong, C.-K. (2017). Dynamic relation between Islamic and conventional lending rates in Malaysia. Afro-Asian Journal of Finance and Accounting, 7(1), 65-83. https://doi.org/10.1504/AAJFA.2017.082929
  • Liaqat, O., Nizam, K., Saghir, W. and Lakho, A. (2021). The causality between TDRs returns of Islamic banks and conventional banks in Pakistan pre & post-crisis. Competitive Social Science Research Journal, 2(4), 159-173. Retrieved from https://www.cssrjournal.com/
  • MacKinnon, J.G. (2010). Critical values for cointegration tests (Queen's Economics Department Working Paper No. 1227). Retrieved from https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/67744/1/616664753.pdf
  • Magazzino, C. (2012). The twin deficits phenomenon: Evidence from Italy. Journal of Economic Cooperation and Development, 33(3), 65-80. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/
  • Mavrotas, G. and Kelly, R. (2001). Old wine in new bottles: Testing causality between savings and growth. The Manchester School, 69, 97-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9957.69.s1.6
  • Mensi, W., Hammoudeh, S., Tiwari, A.K. and Al-Yahyaee, K.H. (2020). Impact of Islamic banking development and major macroeconomic variables on economic growth for Islamic countries: Evidence from panel smooth transition models. Economic Systems, 44(1), 100739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2019.100739
  • Mohd Yusoff, Z.Z. and Azhar, N.L. (2019). Relationship between conventional and Islamic interbank rates of a dual banking system in Malaysia, Middle East, and Western countries. Journal of International Business, Economics and Entrepreneurship (JIBE), 4(2), 38-45. https://doi.org/10.24191/jibe.v4i2.14313
  • Mushafiq, M. and Sehar, T. (2021). Reality of short-term causality of Islamic and conventional banking term deposit rates in Pakistan. Asian Journal of Economics and Banking, 5(1), 66-78. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJEB-10-2020-0072
  • Nelson, C.R. and Plosser, C.R. (1982). Trends and random walks in macroeconmic time series: Some evidence and implications. Journal of Monetary Economics, 10(2), 139-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(82)90012-5
  • Okka, O. ve Kazak, H. (2021). İslâmî finansal yönetim sistem ve uygulama (Konvansiyonel finansla mukayeseli) (2. bs.). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Pew. (2015). The future of world religions: Population growth projections, 2010-2050 (Pew Research Center Report). Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2015/04/02/religious-projections-2010-2050
  • Phillips, P.C. (1986). Understanding spurious regressions in econometrics. Journal of Econometrics, 33(3), 311-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(86)90001-1
  • Rambaldi, A.N. and Doran, H.E. (1996). Testing for Granger non-casuality in cointegrated systems made easy (Working Papers in Econometrics and Applied Statistics Department of Econometrics, University of New England. No. 88). Retrieved from https://www.aliciarambaldi.net/doc/wp88.pdf
  • Rashid, A., Yousaf, S. and Khaleequzzaman, M. (2017). Does Islamic banking really strengthen financial stability? Empirical evidence from Pakistan. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 10(2), 130-148. doi:10.1108/IMEFM-11-2015-0137
  • Rauf, M.U. and Malik, Q.A. (2014). Term deposit returns and profitability-a comparitive study of Islamic and conventional banking efficiency in Pakistan. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 19(3), 127-266. doi:10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2014.19.3.13598
  • Refinitiv, I. (2021). Islamic finance development report 2021. Retrieved from https://www.refinitiv.com/en/resources/special-report/islamic-finance-development-report
  • Ritchey, K. (2015). Number of Muslims worldwide expected to nearly equal number of Christians by 2050; Religiously unaffiliated will make up declining share of World’s population (Pew Research Center Report). Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2015/04/02/number-of-muslims-worldwide-expected-to-nearly-equal-number-of-christians-by-2050-religiously-unaffiliated-will-make-up-declining-share-of-worlds-population/
  • Rizvi, S.A.R., Narayan, P.K., Sakti, A. and Syarifuddin, F. (2020). Role of Islamic banks in Indonesian banking industry: An empirical exploration. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 62, 101117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2019.02.002
  • RW. (2022). Religion of the world. Retrieved from https://countrymeters.info/en/World#religion
  • Saeed, S.M., Abdeljawad, I., Hassan, M.K. and Rashid, M. (2021). Dependency of Islamic bank rates on conventional rates in a dual banking system: A trade-off between religious and economic fundamentals. International Review of Economics & Finance, Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2021.09.013
  • Saeid, H. (2005). The role of Islamic banks in economic growth: The case of Jordan. In M. Iqbal and A. Ahmad (Eds.), Islamic finance and economic development (pp. 202-220). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Salihoğlu, E. (2022). Türkiye’de katılım bankacılığı büyüklüğünü etkileyen seçilmiş faktörler üzerine bir analiz. Ekonomi, Politika & Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(IERFM Özel Sayısı), 211-234. doi:10.30784/epfad.1148425
  • Sekmen, T. (2021). Islamic banking and economic growth in the dual banking system. Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 183-196. https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.821478
  • Toda, H.Y. and Yamamoto, T. (1995). Statistical inference in vector autoregressions with possibly integrated processes. Journal of Econometrics, 66(1-2), 225-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(94)01616-8
  • Ullah, A., Zhao, X., Kamal, M.A., Riaz, A. and Zheng, B. (2021). Exploring asymmetric relationship between Islamic banking development and economic growth in Pakistan: Fresh evidence from a non‐linear ARDL approach. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 26(4), 6168-6187. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2115
  • Vergil, H. ve Çeştepe, H. (2006). Doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve reel döviz kuru: Bir nedensellik analizi. İMKB Dergisi, 9(34), 37-46. Erişim adresi: https://www.elsevier.com/journals/borsa-istanbul-review/2214-8450/open-access-journal
  • Wolde-Rufael, Y. (2004). Disaggregated industrial energy consumption and GDP: The case of Shanghai, 1952–1999. Energy Economics, 26(1), 69-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-9883(03)00032-X
  • Wolde-Rufael, Y. (2005). Energy demand and economic growth: The African experience. Journal of Policy Modeling, 27(8), 891-903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2005.06.003
  • Wolde-Rufael, Y. (2006). Electricity consumption and economic growth: A time series experience for 17 African countries. Energy Policy, 34(10), 1106-1114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2004.10.008
  • WPR. (2022). Muslim population by country 2022. Retrieved from https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/muslim-population-by-country
  • Yusof, R.M., Bahlous, M. and Tursunov, H. (2015). Are profit sharing rates of mudharabah account linked to interest rates? An investigation on Islamic banks in GCC countries. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 49(2), 77-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JEM-2015-4902-07
  • Yüksel, S. and Canöz, İ. (2017). Does Islamic banking contribute to economic growth and industrial development in Turkey. Ikonomika, 2(1), 93-102. https://doi.org/10.24042/febi.v2i1.945
  • Zapata, H.O. and Rambaldi, A.N. (1997). Monte Carlo evidence on cointegration and causation. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 59(2), 285-298. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0084.00065
Toplam 62 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Finans
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hasan Kazak 0000-0003-0699-5371

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2022
Kabul Tarihi 15 Aralık 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Kazak, H. (2022). İslami Bankacılık Konvansiyonel Bankacılık Üzerinde Etkili mi? Türkiye Örneği Üzerinden Bir Nedensellik Analizi. Ekonomi Politika Ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(4), 982-998. https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.1196986

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