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32)USING THE E-LEARNING METHODS FOR MANAGING OPEN INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS

Yıl 2014, Sayı: 42, 0 - 0, 20.06.2015

Öz

The development of ICTs has opened up new markets and ways of innovating. Open innovation breaks the original innovation border of organization and emphasizes the use of suppliers, customers, partners, and other internal and external innovative thinking and resources. How to effectively implement and manage open innovation has become a new business problem. Business ecosystem is the network system of value creation and co-evolution achieved by suppliers, customers, partners and other groups with self-organization mode. Nevertheless, it misses exploring the very nature of the relationships between the numerous players evolving in the surrounding environment. E-learning solutions in modular systems could then be easily adopted to different needs of businesses and could be upgraded or downsized according to the immediate learning needs of the enterprise. Businesses to remain innovate have to develop new organisational structures for the implementation of cooperative and collaborative forms of learning. This paper examines the importance of e-learning applications for open innovation in business ecosystems. E-learning should be considered as prerequisite for open innovation. Because it enables enterprises to build collaborative relationships, access competitive knowledge, develop and deliver new products and services, strenghthening the development of business ecosystems. The e-learning role in supporting open innovation is implicit but not enough analysed in the academic researchs. Today leading firms with innovative features is seen that use of elearning methods from human resources management to supplier relationship, from customer relationship to distribution networks. Therefore, literature review has been made on the interaction of e-learning, open innovation and business ecosystems structure. However, innovative firms in Turkey that use e-learning methods in business ecosystems were examined. In the light of evaluations obtained from this samples are highlighted to e-learning achievements when firms managing its business ecosystems and planning strategies for open innovation

Kaynakça

  • Adner R. & Kapoor R. (2009). Value Creation in Innovation Ecosystem: How the Structure of Technological Interdependenc Affects Firm Performance in Technology Generations, Strategic Management Journal, 31: 306–333 (2010) Published online EarlyView in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/smj.821
  • Adner, R. (2006). Match your innovation strategy to your innovation ecosystem. Harvard Business Review 84(4): 98–107.
  • Akdemir, B. & Çukacı Y.C. (2005) Örgüt Kültürü Değerleriyle Örgütsel Öğrenme Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi ve Bir Araştırma, Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi. Sayı:50
  • Almirall, E. & Ramon C.M. (2010). Open vs. closed innovation: A model of discovery and divergence. Academy of Management Review 35, no. 1: 27-47.
  • Amidon D. M. & Schwabe O. (2013). Visualizing Action: A Recipe for Boston Innovation Success, Innovation Daily, URL: http://www.networkpredictor.com; http://de.linkedin.com/in/oliverschwabe 11.02.2014
  • Amidon D. M., Formica P. & Mercier-Laurent E. (Eds.) (2006). Knowledge Economics: Principles, Practices and Policies [Estonia: Tartu University Press 2006]
  • Bamford J. & Gomes, C.B. & Robinson M.S. (2003). “Mastering Alliance Strategy, A Comprehensive Guide to Design”, Management, and Organization. San Francisco, Ca, Jossey-Bass/Wiley.
  • Beamish, N. & Armistead, C. & Watkinson, M & Armfield, G. (2002). The deployment of e-learning in UK/European corporate organization, European Business Journal 14(3), 105-115.
  • Brandenburger A.M. & Stuart H.W. (1996). Value-based business strategy. Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 5: 5– 24.
  • Chen J. & Chen Y. F. (2007). “The Measurement of Inputs of Innovation Resources under Open Innovation Environment and Policy Meanings”, Studies in Science of Science, vol. 25, no. 2pp. 352-359.
  • Chen, J. & Chen Y. F. (2006). “Total Innovation Management under Open Environment”, Science ResearchManagement, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 1-8.
  • Chesbrough, H. (2003). “Open Innovation, The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from Technology”, Boston, Harvard Business School Press
  • Christensen, C. M. & Bower, J. L. (1996). Customer power, strategic investment, and the failure of leading firms. Strategic Management Journal 17, no. 3: 197–218. D’Atri, A. & Pauselli, E. (2000). http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.201.6467&rep=rep1&type=pdf [20.04.2014] Distance learning for SME Managers.
  • Egan, D. & Hessan, D. & Taylor, C.& Zenger, J. (2003). Suppliers: It‟s time to push e-learning and e-learning ROI up to the CEO level as a business investment versus a cost center, Training and Development 57(1), 62-64.
  • Eyyubi, S. (2004). Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Stratejisinin Uygulanmasında Ekosistem Yönetiminden Ülkemizde Bir Yöntem Olarak Yararlanma, (Unpublished doctoral dissertation), Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Peyzaj Mimarlığı Anabilim Dalı Doktora Tezi.
  • Ginn, C. (2014). Why eLearning? A Smart Answer to the Global Talent Crisis. Inspiring Business Performance © 2013 Skillsoft Ireland Limited, March 12, 2014
  • Green, D.T. (2004). Corporate Training Programs: A Study of the Kirkpatrick-Phillips Model of Electronic Data Systems, (Unpublished doctoral dissertation), Capella University, Proquest Information and Learning UMI number: 3138944.
  • Henderson, R. M. & Clark, K. B. (1990). Architectural innovation: The reconfiguration of existing product technologies and the failure of established firms. Administrative Science Quarterly 35, no. 1: 9-30.
  • Heraty, N. (2004). Towards an architecture of organization-led learning, Human Resource Management Review 14, 449–472.
  • http://d.turkcell.com.tr/docs/announcements/announcements_20120517_CorpU.pdf [05.09.2014]
  • http://www.araskargo.com.tr/web_18712_2/entitialfocus.aspx?primary_id=8468&type=1492&target=categorial1&detail=single &sp_table=&sp_primary=&sp_table_extra=&openfrom=sortial [05.09.2014]
  • http://www.epiclearninggroup.com, Organisational benefits of e-learning. [06.07.2014]
  • http://www.teknosa.com/KurumsalSayfalar/English/TeknosaAcademy_eng.aspx [05.09.2014]
  • Huang, C.H. & Chu, S.S. & Guan, C.T. (2007). Implementation and performance evaluation of parameter improvement mechanisms for intelligent e-learning systems, Computers and Education 49(3), 597-614.
  • Iansiti M. & Levien R. (2004). The Keystone Advantage: What the New Dynamics of Business Ecosystems Mean for Strategy, Innovation, and Sustainability. Harvard Business School Press: Boston, MA.
  • Isckia T. & Lescop D. (2009). Open Innovation within Business Ecosystems: A Tale from Amazon.com, Communication & Strategies, no. 74, 2nd quarter 2009, p. 37.
  • Kopeck, K. (2006). E-learning (nejen) pro pedagogy. Olomouc: HANEX, ISBN 80-85783-50-9.
  • Mohelska H. & Sokolova M. (2014). Effectiveness of Using E-Learning for Business Disciplines: The Case of Introductory Management Course, Ekonomika a Management, XVII, 1 DOI: 10.15240/tul/001/2014-1-007
  • Moore J. F. (1993). “Predators and Prey, A New Ecology of Competition”, Harvard Business Review, vol. 71, no. 3, pp. 75-86.
  • Moore J. F. (1996). “The Death of Competition, Leadership and Strategy in the Age of Business Ecosystems”, New York, Harper Business.
  • Porter M.E. (1985). Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. Free Press: New York.
  • Powell, W. W. & Koput, K. W. & Smith-Doerr, L. (1996). Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation: Networks of learning in biotechnology. Administrative Science Quarterly 41, no. 1: 116-145.
  • Powell, W. W. (1998). Learning from collaboration: knowledge and networks in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. California Management Review 40, no. 3: 228–240.
  • Reich K. & Scheuermann F. (2002). E-Learning challenges in Austrian SME’s. Seminar Series on Exploring Models and Partnership for elearning challenges in Austrian SME’s, Stirling, Scotland, Brussels, Belgiun, Nov. 2002, Feb. 2003, http://www.futurestudies.org/down/cooperation_collaboration_sme.pdf, [12.02.2014].
  • Schweizer, H. (2004). E-Learning in Business. Journal of Management Education [online]., Vol. 28, Iss. 6 [cit. 2013-12-11], pp. 674-692. Available commercially from: http://jme.sagepub.com/ content/28/6/674.full.pdf+html. ISSN 1552-6658.
  • Shapiro, C. & Varian H.R. (1998). A Strategic Guide to The Network Economy, Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing.
  • Simard C. & West J. (2006). “Knowledge Network and the Geographic Locus of Innovation, In Chesbrough. Open Innovation, Researching a New Paradigm”, Oxford,Oxford University Press,
  • Snow, C. C. & Miles, R. E. & Coleman, H. J. Jr. (2000). Managing 21st century network organizations. Organizational Dynamics 20, no. 3: 4-20.
  • Teece D.J. (2007). “Explicating Dynamic Capabilities, The Nature and Micro-Foundations of (Sustainable) Enterprise Performance”, Strategic Management Journal, vol. 28, no. 13, pp. 1319-1350.
  • Velu, C. & Barrett M. & Kohli R. & Salge, T. O. (2013). Thriving in Open Innovation Ecosystem: Towards a Collaborative Market Orientation, University of Cambridge Service Alliance, Working Paper.
  • Westand, J. & Gallagher, S.(2006). “Challenges of Open Innovation, the Paradox of Firm Investment in Open-Source Software”, R&D Management, no. 36, pp. 319-331.
  • Wong W.T. & Huang N.T. (2011). The Effects of E-Learning System Service Quality and Users’ Acceptance on Organizational Learning, International Journal of Business and Information, Vol.6, Number 2, December 2011.
  • Xiaoren Z. & Lingand D. & Xiangdong C. (2014). Interaction of Open Innovation and Business Ecosystem; International Science Journal http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijunesst.2014.7.1.05 e- Service, and Technology Vol.7, No.1, pp.51-64

32)USING THE E-LEARNING METHODS FOR MANAGING OPEN INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS

Yıl 2014, Sayı: 42, 0 - 0, 20.06.2015

Öz

Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin (BİT) gelişmesi yeni pazarlar ve yenilikçilik yolları açmıştır. Açık inovasyon örgütün kendine ait yenilik anlayışını aşarak tedarikçilerin, müşterilerin, iş ortaklarının ve diğer iç ve dış yenilikçi düşünce ve kaynakların kullanımını vurgulamaktadır. Açık inovasyonun hayata nasıl geçirileceği ve etkin bir şekilde nasıl uygulanacağı yeni bir iş sorunu haline gelmiştir. İş ekosistemi örgütün kendi yapısıyla beraber tedarikçileri, müşterileri, ortakları ve diğer grupları ile birlikte bir değer yaratma ve dönüşüm ağı sistemidir. Bununla birlikte örgüt yapıları bu oyuncular arasındaki ilişkileri keşfetmede yetersiz kalabilmektedir. Modüler sistemlerdeki e-öğrenme çözümleri işletmelerin farklı ihtiyaçlarına göre kolay adapte edilebilir ve öğrenme ihtiyaçlarına göre düzenlenebilir özellikler taşımaktadır. İşletmeler yenilikçi kalabilmek için ortak ve iş birlikçi öğrenme yöntemlerinin uygulanmasına yönelik yeni örgütsel yapılar geliştirmek zorundadırlar. Bu çalışmada iş ekosistemlerinde açık inovasyonu hayata geçirebilmek için e-öğrenme uygulamalarının önemi incelenmektedir. E-öğrenme açık inovasyon için ön koşul olarak kabul edilmedilir. Çünkü e-öğrenme ortak ilişkilerin yapılandırılmasına, rekabetçi bilgiye ulaşılmasına, yeni ürün ve hizmetlerin geliştirilmesine ve ekosistemlerinin güçlendirilmesine katkıda bulunmaktadır. Açık inovasyonu destekleyen eöğrenmenin rolü oldukça açık olmasına karşın akademik araştırmalarda yeterli bir şekilde analiz edilmemiştir. Bugün inovatif özellikleri ile öne çıkan lider firmalar insan kaynaklarından tedarikçi ilişkilerine, müşteri ilişkilerinden dağıtım ağlarına kadar eöğrenme yöntemlerini kullanmaktadırlar. Bu nedenle e-öğrenme, açık inovasyon ve iş ekosistemleri arasındaki etkileşimi değerlendirmek üzere literatür araştırması gerçekleştirilmiş ve iş ekosistemleri içinde e-öğrenme yöntemlerini kullanan Türkiye’deki inovatif firmaların uygulamalarından örnekler incelenmiştir. Bu örneklerden elde edilen bilgiler ışığında firmaların açık inovasyon için iş ekosistemlerini ve planlama stratejilerini yönetirken uyguladıkları e-öğrenme yöntemleri ve başarıları vurgulanmaktadır

Kaynakça

  • Adner R. & Kapoor R. (2009). Value Creation in Innovation Ecosystem: How the Structure of Technological Interdependenc Affects Firm Performance in Technology Generations, Strategic Management Journal, 31: 306–333 (2010) Published online EarlyView in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/smj.821
  • Adner, R. (2006). Match your innovation strategy to your innovation ecosystem. Harvard Business Review 84(4): 98–107.
  • Akdemir, B. & Çukacı Y.C. (2005) Örgüt Kültürü Değerleriyle Örgütsel Öğrenme Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi ve Bir Araştırma, Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi. Sayı:50
  • Almirall, E. & Ramon C.M. (2010). Open vs. closed innovation: A model of discovery and divergence. Academy of Management Review 35, no. 1: 27-47.
  • Amidon D. M. & Schwabe O. (2013). Visualizing Action: A Recipe for Boston Innovation Success, Innovation Daily, URL: http://www.networkpredictor.com; http://de.linkedin.com/in/oliverschwabe 11.02.2014
  • Amidon D. M., Formica P. & Mercier-Laurent E. (Eds.) (2006). Knowledge Economics: Principles, Practices and Policies [Estonia: Tartu University Press 2006]
  • Bamford J. & Gomes, C.B. & Robinson M.S. (2003). “Mastering Alliance Strategy, A Comprehensive Guide to Design”, Management, and Organization. San Francisco, Ca, Jossey-Bass/Wiley.
  • Beamish, N. & Armistead, C. & Watkinson, M & Armfield, G. (2002). The deployment of e-learning in UK/European corporate organization, European Business Journal 14(3), 105-115.
  • Brandenburger A.M. & Stuart H.W. (1996). Value-based business strategy. Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 5: 5– 24.
  • Chen J. & Chen Y. F. (2007). “The Measurement of Inputs of Innovation Resources under Open Innovation Environment and Policy Meanings”, Studies in Science of Science, vol. 25, no. 2pp. 352-359.
  • Chen, J. & Chen Y. F. (2006). “Total Innovation Management under Open Environment”, Science ResearchManagement, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 1-8.
  • Chesbrough, H. (2003). “Open Innovation, The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from Technology”, Boston, Harvard Business School Press
  • Christensen, C. M. & Bower, J. L. (1996). Customer power, strategic investment, and the failure of leading firms. Strategic Management Journal 17, no. 3: 197–218. D’Atri, A. & Pauselli, E. (2000). http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.201.6467&rep=rep1&type=pdf [20.04.2014] Distance learning for SME Managers.
  • Egan, D. & Hessan, D. & Taylor, C.& Zenger, J. (2003). Suppliers: It‟s time to push e-learning and e-learning ROI up to the CEO level as a business investment versus a cost center, Training and Development 57(1), 62-64.
  • Eyyubi, S. (2004). Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Stratejisinin Uygulanmasında Ekosistem Yönetiminden Ülkemizde Bir Yöntem Olarak Yararlanma, (Unpublished doctoral dissertation), Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Peyzaj Mimarlığı Anabilim Dalı Doktora Tezi.
  • Ginn, C. (2014). Why eLearning? A Smart Answer to the Global Talent Crisis. Inspiring Business Performance © 2013 Skillsoft Ireland Limited, March 12, 2014
  • Green, D.T. (2004). Corporate Training Programs: A Study of the Kirkpatrick-Phillips Model of Electronic Data Systems, (Unpublished doctoral dissertation), Capella University, Proquest Information and Learning UMI number: 3138944.
  • Henderson, R. M. & Clark, K. B. (1990). Architectural innovation: The reconfiguration of existing product technologies and the failure of established firms. Administrative Science Quarterly 35, no. 1: 9-30.
  • Heraty, N. (2004). Towards an architecture of organization-led learning, Human Resource Management Review 14, 449–472.
  • http://d.turkcell.com.tr/docs/announcements/announcements_20120517_CorpU.pdf [05.09.2014]
  • http://www.araskargo.com.tr/web_18712_2/entitialfocus.aspx?primary_id=8468&type=1492&target=categorial1&detail=single &sp_table=&sp_primary=&sp_table_extra=&openfrom=sortial [05.09.2014]
  • http://www.epiclearninggroup.com, Organisational benefits of e-learning. [06.07.2014]
  • http://www.teknosa.com/KurumsalSayfalar/English/TeknosaAcademy_eng.aspx [05.09.2014]
  • Huang, C.H. & Chu, S.S. & Guan, C.T. (2007). Implementation and performance evaluation of parameter improvement mechanisms for intelligent e-learning systems, Computers and Education 49(3), 597-614.
  • Iansiti M. & Levien R. (2004). The Keystone Advantage: What the New Dynamics of Business Ecosystems Mean for Strategy, Innovation, and Sustainability. Harvard Business School Press: Boston, MA.
  • Isckia T. & Lescop D. (2009). Open Innovation within Business Ecosystems: A Tale from Amazon.com, Communication & Strategies, no. 74, 2nd quarter 2009, p. 37.
  • Kopeck, K. (2006). E-learning (nejen) pro pedagogy. Olomouc: HANEX, ISBN 80-85783-50-9.
  • Mohelska H. & Sokolova M. (2014). Effectiveness of Using E-Learning for Business Disciplines: The Case of Introductory Management Course, Ekonomika a Management, XVII, 1 DOI: 10.15240/tul/001/2014-1-007
  • Moore J. F. (1993). “Predators and Prey, A New Ecology of Competition”, Harvard Business Review, vol. 71, no. 3, pp. 75-86.
  • Moore J. F. (1996). “The Death of Competition, Leadership and Strategy in the Age of Business Ecosystems”, New York, Harper Business.
  • Porter M.E. (1985). Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. Free Press: New York.
  • Powell, W. W. & Koput, K. W. & Smith-Doerr, L. (1996). Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation: Networks of learning in biotechnology. Administrative Science Quarterly 41, no. 1: 116-145.
  • Powell, W. W. (1998). Learning from collaboration: knowledge and networks in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. California Management Review 40, no. 3: 228–240.
  • Reich K. & Scheuermann F. (2002). E-Learning challenges in Austrian SME’s. Seminar Series on Exploring Models and Partnership for elearning challenges in Austrian SME’s, Stirling, Scotland, Brussels, Belgiun, Nov. 2002, Feb. 2003, http://www.futurestudies.org/down/cooperation_collaboration_sme.pdf, [12.02.2014].
  • Schweizer, H. (2004). E-Learning in Business. Journal of Management Education [online]., Vol. 28, Iss. 6 [cit. 2013-12-11], pp. 674-692. Available commercially from: http://jme.sagepub.com/ content/28/6/674.full.pdf+html. ISSN 1552-6658.
  • Shapiro, C. & Varian H.R. (1998). A Strategic Guide to The Network Economy, Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing.
  • Simard C. & West J. (2006). “Knowledge Network and the Geographic Locus of Innovation, In Chesbrough. Open Innovation, Researching a New Paradigm”, Oxford,Oxford University Press,
  • Snow, C. C. & Miles, R. E. & Coleman, H. J. Jr. (2000). Managing 21st century network organizations. Organizational Dynamics 20, no. 3: 4-20.
  • Teece D.J. (2007). “Explicating Dynamic Capabilities, The Nature and Micro-Foundations of (Sustainable) Enterprise Performance”, Strategic Management Journal, vol. 28, no. 13, pp. 1319-1350.
  • Velu, C. & Barrett M. & Kohli R. & Salge, T. O. (2013). Thriving in Open Innovation Ecosystem: Towards a Collaborative Market Orientation, University of Cambridge Service Alliance, Working Paper.
  • Westand, J. & Gallagher, S.(2006). “Challenges of Open Innovation, the Paradox of Firm Investment in Open-Source Software”, R&D Management, no. 36, pp. 319-331.
  • Wong W.T. & Huang N.T. (2011). The Effects of E-Learning System Service Quality and Users’ Acceptance on Organizational Learning, International Journal of Business and Information, Vol.6, Number 2, December 2011.
  • Xiaoren Z. & Lingand D. & Xiangdong C. (2014). Interaction of Open Innovation and Business Ecosystem; International Science Journal http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijunesst.2014.7.1.05 e- Service, and Technology Vol.7, No.1, pp.51-64
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Zümrüt Ecevit Satı Bu kişi benim

Faruk Dursun

Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Haziran 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2014 Sayı: 42

Kaynak Göster

APA Satı, Z. E., & Dursun, F. (2015). 32)USING THE E-LEARNING METHODS FOR MANAGING OPEN INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(42).
AMA Satı ZE, Dursun F. 32)USING THE E-LEARNING METHODS FOR MANAGING OPEN INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. Haziran 2015;(42).
Chicago Satı, Zümrüt Ecevit, ve Faruk Dursun. “32)USING THE E-LEARNING METHODS FOR MANAGING OPEN INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS”. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, sy. 42 (Haziran 2015).
EndNote Satı ZE, Dursun F (01 Haziran 2015) 32)USING THE E-LEARNING METHODS FOR MANAGING OPEN INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 42
IEEE Z. E. Satı ve F. Dursun, “32)USING THE E-LEARNING METHODS FOR MANAGING OPEN INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS”, Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, sy. 42, Haziran 2015.
ISNAD Satı, Zümrüt Ecevit - Dursun, Faruk. “32)USING THE E-LEARNING METHODS FOR MANAGING OPEN INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS”. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 42 (Haziran 2015).
JAMA Satı ZE, Dursun F. 32)USING THE E-LEARNING METHODS FOR MANAGING OPEN INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2015.
MLA Satı, Zümrüt Ecevit ve Faruk Dursun. “32)USING THE E-LEARNING METHODS FOR MANAGING OPEN INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS”. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, sy. 42, 2015.
Vancouver Satı ZE, Dursun F. 32)USING THE E-LEARNING METHODS FOR MANAGING OPEN INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2015(42).

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