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Impact of Destination Image and Perceived Risk on Behavioral Intention: The Case of Bodrum

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 115 - 134, 25.07.2021

Uğurkan Savaşcı Hacı Mehmet Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.53353/atrss.887811
Cited By: 3

Öz

For destinations to attract more tourists, they must have a positive destination image and a low perceived risk level. Image and risk affect the perceptions of tourists, their pre-travel perceptions as well as post-travel, determine the behavioral intention of the tourists. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of image and risk perceived by foreign tourists visiting Bodrum destination on behavioral intention. At the same time, the effect of the destination image on the perceived risk was tried to be determined. The data in the study were collected from foreign tourists visiting Bodrum destination via a questionnaire. The ones that are not suitable for analysis were removed from the collected questionnaires and statistical analyzes were carried out on 463 questionnaires. According to the research results, the image of the destination has a negative and significant effect on the perceived risk; the image of the destination has a positive and significant effect on behavioral intention; it was determined that perceived risk had no effect on behavioral intention. Two of the three research hypotheses determined in this direction were supported and one was not supported.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destination image perceived risk behavioral intention Bodrum

Kaynakça

  • An, M.; Lee, C.; Noh, Y. (2010). Risk Factors At The Destination: Their Impact on Air Travel Satisfaction and Repurchase Intention. Service Business, 4(2), 155-166.
  • Anderson, C. A. (1983). Imagination and Expectation: The Effect of Imagining Behavioral Scripts on Personal Intentions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(2), 293-305.
  • Artuğer, S. (2015). The Effect of Risk Perceptions on Tourists’ Revisit Intentions. European Journal of Business and Management, 7(2), 36-43.
  • Ateşoğlu, İ.; Türker, A. (2014). Tatil Yeri Seçiminde Ülke İmajının Turistin Risk Algısı Üzerine Etkisi. Uluslararası Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2), 9-28.
  • Atılgan İnan, E.; Akıncı, S.; Kıymalıoğlu, A.; Akyürek, M. S. (2011). Kruvaziyer Turizminde Turistlerin Tavsiye Niyetlerinde Destinasyon İmajının Etkisi. Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 11(3), 487-497.
  • Baloğlu, S.; Mccleary, K. W. (1999). A Model of Destination Image Formation. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(4), 868-897.
  • Bayram, N. (2010). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine Giriş Amos Uygulamaları. Bursa: Ezgi Kitapevi.
  • Beerli, A.; Martin, J. D. (2004). Factors Influencing Destination Image. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 657-681.
  • Berthon, P.; Ewing, M.; Hah, L. L. (2005). Captivating Company: Dimensions of Attractiveness in Employer Branding. Internetional Journal of Advertising, 24(2), 151-172.
  • Bigne, J. E.; Sanchez, M. I.; Sanchez, J. (2001). Tourism Image, Evaluation Variables and After Purchase Behaviour: Inter-Relationship. Tourism Management, 22(6), 607-616.
  • Biswakarma, G. (2017). Impact of Destination Image and Perceived Risk on Behavioral Intention of Travelers to Nepal. International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications, 1(5), 62-71.
  • Chapuis, J. M.; Le Falher, C.; Gonzalez, M. (2015). Destination Image, Perceived Risk and Intention to Visit. SSRN Electronic Journal, 1-19.
  • Chen, C. F.; Tsai, D. (2007). How Destination Image and Evaluative Factors Affect Behavioral Intentions?, Tourism Management, 28(4), 1115-1122.
  • Chen, C. C.; Lai, Y. H.; Petrick, J. F.; Lin, Y. H. (2016). Tourism Between Divided Nations: An Examination Of Stereotyping on Destination Image. Tourism Management, 55, 25-36.
  • Chew, E. Y. T.; Jahari, S. A. (2014). Destination Image As A Mediator Between Perceived Risks and Revisit Intention: A Case of Post-Disaster Japan. Tourism Management, 40, 382-393.
  • Coşkun, R.; Altunışık, R.; Yıldırım, E. (2017). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı (9. Baskı). Sakarya, Sakarya Yayıncılık.
  • Çetinsöz, B. C.; Ege, Z. (2013). Impacts of Perceived Risks on Tourists' Revisit Intentions. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 24(2), 173-187.
  • Floyd, M. F.; Gibson, H.; Pennington-Gray, L.; Thapa, B. (2004). The Effect of Risk Perceptions on Intentions to Travel in The Aftermath of September 11, 2001. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 15(2-3), 19-38.
  • Fornell, C.; Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Frewer, L. J.; Hunt, S.; Brennan, M.; Kuznesof, S.; Ness, M.; Ritson, C. (2003). The Views of Scientific Experts on How The Public Conceptualize Uncertainty. Journal of Risk Research, 6(1),75–85.
  • Fuchs, G.; Reichel, A. (2006). Tourist Destination Risk Perception: The Case of Israel. Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing, 14(2), 83-108.
  • Gao, H. (2006, September). Research on components of consumer perceived risk. In 2006 IEEE International Engineering Management Conference (pp. 334-335). IEEE.
  • Gartner, W. B. (1989). "Who Is An Entrepreneur?" Is The Wrong Question. American Journal of Small Business, 13, 47-67.
  • Gronhaug, K. (1972). Risk Indicators, Perceived Risk and Consumer’s Choice of Information Sources. The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 74(2), 246-262.
  • Hair., J. F.; Black, W. C.; Babin, B. J.; Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis (7. Ed.). U.S.A.: Pearson Education Limited.
  • Hair, J. F.; Hult, G. T. M.; Ringle, C. M.; Sarstedt, M. (2016). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), (2. Baskı). U.S.A: Sage Publications.
  • Harun, A.; Obong, A.; Kassim, A. W. M.; Lily, J. (2018). The Effects of Destination Image and Perceived Risk on Revisit Intention: A Study in The South Eastern Coast of Sabah, Malaysia. E-Review of Tourism Research, 15(6), 540-559.
  • Hasan, Md. K.; Ismail, A. R.; Islam, M. F. (2017). Tourist Risk Perceptions and Revisit Intention: A Critical Review of Literature. Cogent Business & Management, 4(1), 1-21.
  • Hosany, S.; Ekinci, Y.; Uysal, M. (2007). Destination Image and Destination Personality. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 1(1), 62-81.
  • Hunter-Jones, P.; Jeffs, A.; Fischbacher-Smith, D. (2008). Backpacking Your Way Into Crisis: An Exploratory Study Into Perceived Risk and Tourist Behaviour Amongst Young People. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 23(2-4), 237-247.
  • İlhan, M.; Çetin, B. (2014). LISREL ve AMOS Programları Kullanılarak Gerçekleştirilen Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli (YEM) Analizlerine İlişkin Sonuçların Karşılaştırılması. Eğitimde ve Psikolojide Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Dergisi, 5(2), 26-42.
  • Jacoby, K. L. The Components of Perceived Risk Proceedings. 1972. In Third Annual Conference Association for Consumer Research. Chicago: University of Chicago.
  • Khasawneh, M. S.; Alfandi, A. M. (2019). Determining Behaviour Intentions from The Overall Destination Image and Risk Perception. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 25(2), 355-375.
  • Kline, R. B. (1998). Methodology in The Social Sciences. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. New York, Guilford Press.
  • Koo, S. K.; Byon, K. K.; Baker, T. A. (2014). Integrating Event Image, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intention: Small-Scale Marathon Event. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 23, 127-137.
  • Kozak, M.; Crotts, J. C.; Law, R. (2007). The Impact of The Perception of Risk on International Travellers. International Journal of Tourism Research, 9(4), 233-242.
  • Kozak, M. (2015). Bilimsel Araştırma: Tasarım, Yazım ve Yayım Teknikleri (2.Baskı). Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Lim, N. (2003). Consumers’ Perceived Risk: Sources Versus Consequences. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 2(3), 216-228.
  • Loi, L. T. I.; So, A. S. I.; Lo, I. S.; Fong, L. H. N. (2017). Does The Quality of Tourist Shuttles Influence Revisit Intention Through Destination Image and Satisfaction? The Case of Macao. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 32, 115-123.
  • Makhdoomi, U. M.; Baba, M. M. (2019). Destinastion Image and Travel Intention of Travellers to Jammu & Kashmir: The Mediating Effect of Risk Perception. Journal of Hospitality Application & Research, 14(1), 35-56.
  • Meydan, C. H.; Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi AMOS Uygulamaları. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Mitchell, V. W.; Vassos, V. (1998). Perceived Risk and Risk Reduction in Holiday Purchases: A Cross-Cultural and Gender Analysis. Journal of Euromarketing, 6(3), 47-79.
  • Muğla İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü, Turizm İstatistikleri, https://mugla.ktb.gov.tr/TR-73710/turizm-istatistikleri.html (Erişim Tarihi: 09.02.2020).
  • Perpina, L.; Camprubi, R.; Prats, L. (2019). Destination Image Versus Risk Perception. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 43(1), 3-19.
  • Pike, S. (2002). Destination Image Analysis -A Review Of 142 Papers From 1973 to 2000. Tourism Management, 23(5), 541-549.
  • Reisinger, Y.; Mavondo, F. (2005). Travel Anxiety and Intentions to Travel Internationally: Implications of Travel Risk Perception. Journal of Travel Research, 43(1), 212-225.
  • Roehl, W. S.; Fesenmaier, D. R. (1992). Risk Perceptions and Pleasure Travel: An Exploratory Analysis. Journal of Travel Research, 2(4), 17-26.
  • Schiffman, L. G.; Kanuk, L. L. (2000). Consumer Behavior. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
  • Sevim, B.; Seçilmiş, C.; Görkem, O. (2013). Algılanan Destinasyon İmajının Tavsiye Davranışı Üzerine Etkisi: Safranbolu‘da Bir Araştırma. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 9(20), 115-129.
  • Stepchenkova, S.; Morrison, A. M. (2008). Russia‘s Destination Image Among American Pleasure Travelers: Revisiting Echtner and Ritchie. Tourism Management, 29(3), 548-560.
  • Stylos, N.; Vassiliadis, C. A.; Bellou, V.; Andronikidis, A. (2016). Destination Images, Holistic Images and Personal Normative Beliefs: Predictors of Intention to Revisit A Destination. Tourism Management, 53, 40-60.
  • Şimşek, M.; Özdamar, M. (2020). Yerli Turistlerin Destinasyon İmajları ile Davranışsal Niyetleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Mersin Örneği. Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(2), 811-822.
  • Tavitiyaman, P.; Qu, H. (2013). Destination Image and Behavior Intention of Travelers to Thailand: The Moderating Effect of Perceived Risk. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 30(3), 169-185.
  • Tsaur, S. H.; Tzeng, Gwo-Hshiung; Wang, Kuo-Ching (1997). Evaluating Tourist Risks from Fuzzy Perspectives. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(4), 796-812.
  • Ural, A.; Kılıç, İ. (2013). Bilimsel Araştırma Süreci ve SPSS ile Veri Analizi (4.Baskı). Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Wang, C. Y.; Hsu, M. K. (2010). The Relationships of Destination Image, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions: An Integrated Model. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 27(8), 829-843.
  • Warshaw, P. R.; Davis, F. D. (1985). Disentangling Behavioral Intention and Behavioral Expectation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 21(3), 213-228.
  • West, S. G.; Finch, J. F.; Curran, P. J. (1995). Structural Equation Models with Nonnormal Variables: Problems and Remedies. In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural Equation Modeling: Concepts, Issues, and Applications (p. 56–75). Thousand Oaks, Sage Publications.
  • Yang, J.; Gu, Y.; Cen, J. (2011). Festival Tourists‘Emotion, Perceived Value, and Behavioral Intentions: A Test of The Moderating Effect of Festivalscape. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 12(1), 25-44.
  • Yüce, A.; Samsa, Ç.; Meriç, K. (2019). Destinasyon İmajının Tekrar Ziyaret Etme Niyeti Üzerine Etkisi: Kars İli Örneği. Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(19), 131-150.
  • Zeithaml, V. A.; Berry, L. L.; Parasuraman, A. (1996). The Behavioral Consequences of Service Quality. Journal of Marketing, 60(2), 31-46.
  • Zhang, H.; Fu, X.; Cai, L. A.; Lu, L. (2014). Destination Image and Tourist Loyalty: A Meta-Analysis. Tourism Management, 40, 213-223.
  • Zhang, H.; Wu, Y.; Buhalis, D. (2018). A Model of Perceived Image, Memorable Tourism Experiences and Revisit Intention. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 8, 326-336.

Destinasyon İmajı ve Algılanan Riskin, Davranışsal Niyete Etkisi: Bodrum Örneği

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 115 - 134, 25.07.2021

Uğurkan Savaşcı Hacı Mehmet Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.53353/atrss.887811
Cited By: 3

Öz

Destinasyonların daha fazla turist çekebilmesi için olumlu bir destinasyon imajına sahip olması ve algılanan risk düzeyinin düşük olması gerekmektedir. İmaj ve risk turistlerin seyahat öncesi algılarını etkilediği gibi seyahat sonrası algılarını etkilemekte ve turistlerin davranışsal niyetini belirlemektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada Bodrum destinasyonunu ziyaret eden yabancı turistlerin algıladıkları imaj ve riskin, davranışsal niyet üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Aynı zamanda destinasyon imajının, algılanan risk üzerindeki etkisi de belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada veriler, anket aracılığıyla Bodrum destinasyonunu ziyaret eden yabancı turistlerden toplanmıştır. Toplanan anketler içerisinden analize uygun olmayanlar çıkarılmış ve 463 anket üzerinden istatistiki analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre destinasyon imajının, algılanan risk üzerinde olumsuz ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu; destinasyon imajının, davranışsal niyet üzerinde olumlu ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu; algılanan riskin ise davranışsal niyet üzerinde bir etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında belirlenen üç araştırma hipotezinden; iki hipotez desteklenmiş, bir hipotez desteklenmemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destinasyon imajı algılanan risk davranışsal niyet Bodrum

Kaynakça

  • An, M.; Lee, C.; Noh, Y. (2010). Risk Factors At The Destination: Their Impact on Air Travel Satisfaction and Repurchase Intention. Service Business, 4(2), 155-166.
  • Anderson, C. A. (1983). Imagination and Expectation: The Effect of Imagining Behavioral Scripts on Personal Intentions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(2), 293-305.
  • Artuğer, S. (2015). The Effect of Risk Perceptions on Tourists’ Revisit Intentions. European Journal of Business and Management, 7(2), 36-43.
  • Ateşoğlu, İ.; Türker, A. (2014). Tatil Yeri Seçiminde Ülke İmajının Turistin Risk Algısı Üzerine Etkisi. Uluslararası Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2), 9-28.
  • Atılgan İnan, E.; Akıncı, S.; Kıymalıoğlu, A.; Akyürek, M. S. (2011). Kruvaziyer Turizminde Turistlerin Tavsiye Niyetlerinde Destinasyon İmajının Etkisi. Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 11(3), 487-497.
  • Baloğlu, S.; Mccleary, K. W. (1999). A Model of Destination Image Formation. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(4), 868-897.
  • Bayram, N. (2010). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine Giriş Amos Uygulamaları. Bursa: Ezgi Kitapevi.
  • Beerli, A.; Martin, J. D. (2004). Factors Influencing Destination Image. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 657-681.
  • Berthon, P.; Ewing, M.; Hah, L. L. (2005). Captivating Company: Dimensions of Attractiveness in Employer Branding. Internetional Journal of Advertising, 24(2), 151-172.
  • Bigne, J. E.; Sanchez, M. I.; Sanchez, J. (2001). Tourism Image, Evaluation Variables and After Purchase Behaviour: Inter-Relationship. Tourism Management, 22(6), 607-616.
  • Biswakarma, G. (2017). Impact of Destination Image and Perceived Risk on Behavioral Intention of Travelers to Nepal. International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications, 1(5), 62-71.
  • Chapuis, J. M.; Le Falher, C.; Gonzalez, M. (2015). Destination Image, Perceived Risk and Intention to Visit. SSRN Electronic Journal, 1-19.
  • Chen, C. F.; Tsai, D. (2007). How Destination Image and Evaluative Factors Affect Behavioral Intentions?, Tourism Management, 28(4), 1115-1122.
  • Chen, C. C.; Lai, Y. H.; Petrick, J. F.; Lin, Y. H. (2016). Tourism Between Divided Nations: An Examination Of Stereotyping on Destination Image. Tourism Management, 55, 25-36.
  • Chew, E. Y. T.; Jahari, S. A. (2014). Destination Image As A Mediator Between Perceived Risks and Revisit Intention: A Case of Post-Disaster Japan. Tourism Management, 40, 382-393.
  • Coşkun, R.; Altunışık, R.; Yıldırım, E. (2017). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı (9. Baskı). Sakarya, Sakarya Yayıncılık.
  • Çetinsöz, B. C.; Ege, Z. (2013). Impacts of Perceived Risks on Tourists' Revisit Intentions. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 24(2), 173-187.
  • Floyd, M. F.; Gibson, H.; Pennington-Gray, L.; Thapa, B. (2004). The Effect of Risk Perceptions on Intentions to Travel in The Aftermath of September 11, 2001. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 15(2-3), 19-38.
  • Fornell, C.; Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Frewer, L. J.; Hunt, S.; Brennan, M.; Kuznesof, S.; Ness, M.; Ritson, C. (2003). The Views of Scientific Experts on How The Public Conceptualize Uncertainty. Journal of Risk Research, 6(1),75–85.
  • Fuchs, G.; Reichel, A. (2006). Tourist Destination Risk Perception: The Case of Israel. Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing, 14(2), 83-108.
  • Gao, H. (2006, September). Research on components of consumer perceived risk. In 2006 IEEE International Engineering Management Conference (pp. 334-335). IEEE.
  • Gartner, W. B. (1989). "Who Is An Entrepreneur?" Is The Wrong Question. American Journal of Small Business, 13, 47-67.
  • Gronhaug, K. (1972). Risk Indicators, Perceived Risk and Consumer’s Choice of Information Sources. The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 74(2), 246-262.
  • Hair., J. F.; Black, W. C.; Babin, B. J.; Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis (7. Ed.). U.S.A.: Pearson Education Limited.
  • Hair, J. F.; Hult, G. T. M.; Ringle, C. M.; Sarstedt, M. (2016). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), (2. Baskı). U.S.A: Sage Publications.
  • Harun, A.; Obong, A.; Kassim, A. W. M.; Lily, J. (2018). The Effects of Destination Image and Perceived Risk on Revisit Intention: A Study in The South Eastern Coast of Sabah, Malaysia. E-Review of Tourism Research, 15(6), 540-559.
  • Hasan, Md. K.; Ismail, A. R.; Islam, M. F. (2017). Tourist Risk Perceptions and Revisit Intention: A Critical Review of Literature. Cogent Business & Management, 4(1), 1-21.
  • Hosany, S.; Ekinci, Y.; Uysal, M. (2007). Destination Image and Destination Personality. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 1(1), 62-81.
  • Hunter-Jones, P.; Jeffs, A.; Fischbacher-Smith, D. (2008). Backpacking Your Way Into Crisis: An Exploratory Study Into Perceived Risk and Tourist Behaviour Amongst Young People. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 23(2-4), 237-247.
  • İlhan, M.; Çetin, B. (2014). LISREL ve AMOS Programları Kullanılarak Gerçekleştirilen Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli (YEM) Analizlerine İlişkin Sonuçların Karşılaştırılması. Eğitimde ve Psikolojide Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Dergisi, 5(2), 26-42.
  • Jacoby, K. L. The Components of Perceived Risk Proceedings. 1972. In Third Annual Conference Association for Consumer Research. Chicago: University of Chicago.
  • Khasawneh, M. S.; Alfandi, A. M. (2019). Determining Behaviour Intentions from The Overall Destination Image and Risk Perception. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 25(2), 355-375.
  • Kline, R. B. (1998). Methodology in The Social Sciences. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. New York, Guilford Press.
  • Koo, S. K.; Byon, K. K.; Baker, T. A. (2014). Integrating Event Image, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intention: Small-Scale Marathon Event. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 23, 127-137.
  • Kozak, M.; Crotts, J. C.; Law, R. (2007). The Impact of The Perception of Risk on International Travellers. International Journal of Tourism Research, 9(4), 233-242.
  • Kozak, M. (2015). Bilimsel Araştırma: Tasarım, Yazım ve Yayım Teknikleri (2.Baskı). Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Lim, N. (2003). Consumers’ Perceived Risk: Sources Versus Consequences. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 2(3), 216-228.
  • Loi, L. T. I.; So, A. S. I.; Lo, I. S.; Fong, L. H. N. (2017). Does The Quality of Tourist Shuttles Influence Revisit Intention Through Destination Image and Satisfaction? The Case of Macao. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 32, 115-123.
  • Makhdoomi, U. M.; Baba, M. M. (2019). Destinastion Image and Travel Intention of Travellers to Jammu & Kashmir: The Mediating Effect of Risk Perception. Journal of Hospitality Application & Research, 14(1), 35-56.
  • Meydan, C. H.; Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi AMOS Uygulamaları. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Mitchell, V. W.; Vassos, V. (1998). Perceived Risk and Risk Reduction in Holiday Purchases: A Cross-Cultural and Gender Analysis. Journal of Euromarketing, 6(3), 47-79.
  • Muğla İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü, Turizm İstatistikleri, https://mugla.ktb.gov.tr/TR-73710/turizm-istatistikleri.html (Erişim Tarihi: 09.02.2020).
  • Perpina, L.; Camprubi, R.; Prats, L. (2019). Destination Image Versus Risk Perception. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 43(1), 3-19.
  • Pike, S. (2002). Destination Image Analysis -A Review Of 142 Papers From 1973 to 2000. Tourism Management, 23(5), 541-549.
  • Reisinger, Y.; Mavondo, F. (2005). Travel Anxiety and Intentions to Travel Internationally: Implications of Travel Risk Perception. Journal of Travel Research, 43(1), 212-225.
  • Roehl, W. S.; Fesenmaier, D. R. (1992). Risk Perceptions and Pleasure Travel: An Exploratory Analysis. Journal of Travel Research, 2(4), 17-26.
  • Schiffman, L. G.; Kanuk, L. L. (2000). Consumer Behavior. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
  • Sevim, B.; Seçilmiş, C.; Görkem, O. (2013). Algılanan Destinasyon İmajının Tavsiye Davranışı Üzerine Etkisi: Safranbolu‘da Bir Araştırma. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 9(20), 115-129.
  • Stepchenkova, S.; Morrison, A. M. (2008). Russia‘s Destination Image Among American Pleasure Travelers: Revisiting Echtner and Ritchie. Tourism Management, 29(3), 548-560.
  • Stylos, N.; Vassiliadis, C. A.; Bellou, V.; Andronikidis, A. (2016). Destination Images, Holistic Images and Personal Normative Beliefs: Predictors of Intention to Revisit A Destination. Tourism Management, 53, 40-60.
  • Şimşek, M.; Özdamar, M. (2020). Yerli Turistlerin Destinasyon İmajları ile Davranışsal Niyetleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Mersin Örneği. Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(2), 811-822.
  • Tavitiyaman, P.; Qu, H. (2013). Destination Image and Behavior Intention of Travelers to Thailand: The Moderating Effect of Perceived Risk. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 30(3), 169-185.
  • Tsaur, S. H.; Tzeng, Gwo-Hshiung; Wang, Kuo-Ching (1997). Evaluating Tourist Risks from Fuzzy Perspectives. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(4), 796-812.
  • Ural, A.; Kılıç, İ. (2013). Bilimsel Araştırma Süreci ve SPSS ile Veri Analizi (4.Baskı). Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Wang, C. Y.; Hsu, M. K. (2010). The Relationships of Destination Image, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions: An Integrated Model. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 27(8), 829-843.
  • Warshaw, P. R.; Davis, F. D. (1985). Disentangling Behavioral Intention and Behavioral Expectation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 21(3), 213-228.
  • West, S. G.; Finch, J. F.; Curran, P. J. (1995). Structural Equation Models with Nonnormal Variables: Problems and Remedies. In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural Equation Modeling: Concepts, Issues, and Applications (p. 56–75). Thousand Oaks, Sage Publications.
  • Yang, J.; Gu, Y.; Cen, J. (2011). Festival Tourists‘Emotion, Perceived Value, and Behavioral Intentions: A Test of The Moderating Effect of Festivalscape. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 12(1), 25-44.
  • Yüce, A.; Samsa, Ç.; Meriç, K. (2019). Destinasyon İmajının Tekrar Ziyaret Etme Niyeti Üzerine Etkisi: Kars İli Örneği. Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(19), 131-150.
  • Zeithaml, V. A.; Berry, L. L.; Parasuraman, A. (1996). The Behavioral Consequences of Service Quality. Journal of Marketing, 60(2), 31-46.
  • Zhang, H.; Fu, X.; Cai, L. A.; Lu, L. (2014). Destination Image and Tourist Loyalty: A Meta-Analysis. Tourism Management, 40, 213-223.
  • Zhang, H.; Wu, Y.; Buhalis, D. (2018). A Model of Perceived Image, Memorable Tourism Experiences and Revisit Intention. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 8, 326-336.
Toplam 63 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Turizm (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Uğurkan Savaşcı 0000-0002-4258-4089

Hacı Mehmet Yıldırım 0000-0003-0718-7296

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Temmuz 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Şubat 2021
Kabul Tarihi 27 Mayıs 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Savaşcı, U., & Yıldırım, H. M. (2021). Destinasyon İmajı ve Algılanan Riskin, Davranışsal Niyete Etkisi: Bodrum Örneği. GSI Journals Serie A: Advancements in Tourism Recreation and Sports Sciences, 4(2), 115-134. https://doi.org/10.53353/atrss.887811

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