Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the construction process of Göbeklitepe, which was built in the Neolithic Period around 10 thousand BC, within the framework of management and organization. Göbeklitepe is a historical area which has many historical artifacts and columns up to 6 meters in height, on which various symbols are engraved. It is highly unlikely that the columns in Göbeklitepe were built and erected by a single person. In this case, it is more likely to think that more than one person came together and combined their efforts, talents, and expertise in the construction of the Göbeklitepe area. It can be thought, then, that these people come together for a specific purpose and adopt the "management process" to plan, direct and evaluate the work they do. According to the result of the study, it can be stated that the understanding of "management and organization" played an important role in the formation of Göbeklitepe.
References
- Celik, B. (2017). A new Pre-Pottery Neolithic site in Southeastern Turkey: Ayanlar Höyük (Gre Hut). Documenta Praehistorica, 44, 360-367. DOI:10.4312\dp.44.22.
- Clare, 2017). Göbeklitepe, Neolitik Şanlıurfa Müzesi Arkeolojik Eser Kataloğu, Ed.Necmi Karul-Gülriz Kozbe-A. Yavuzkır, Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Yayınları
- Dietrich, O. Schmidt, Ç.K, Notroff, J. Schmidt, K. and Kürkçüoğlu C. (2012). Actual Archaeology Magazine, Anatolia, Summeri Issue 2
- Dietrich, O., & Schmidt, K. (2017). A short note on a new figurine type from Göbekli Tepe. Neo-Lithics, 1, 43-46. Ian Hodder and Lynn Meskell (2011), A “Curious and Sometimes a Trifle Macabre Artistry” Current Anthropology, 52 (2): 235-263
- J. Gresky, J. Haelm, L. Clare,(2017), Modified human crania from Göbekli Tepe provide evidence for a new form of Neolithic skull cult. Science Advances,. 3, e1700564 (2017).
- Klaus Schmidt (2008). Göbekli Tepe – Enclosure C,NEO-LITHICS 2/08 The Newsletter of Southwest Asian Neolithic Research
- Knitter, D., Braun, R., Clare, L., Nykamp, M., & Schütt, B. (2019). Göbekli Tepe: A Brief Description of the Environmental Development in the Surroundings of the UNESCO World Heritage Site. Land, 8(4), 72. doi:10.3390/land8040072
- Konstantin Pustovoytov (2006) Soils and Soil Sediments at Göbekli Tepe, Southeastern Turkey: A Preliminary Report, Geoarchaeology: An International Journal, 21 (7): 699–719
- Lee Clare, Oliver Dietrich, Jens Notroff and Devrim Sönmez (2018), Establishing identities in the Proto-Neolithic: 'history making' at Göbekli Tepe from the late tenth millennium cal BCE, Hodder, I. (Ed.). Religion, history, and place in the origin of settled life. University Press of Colorado..115-136. ISBN: 978-1-60732-736-3
- Mc Bride, A. (2013). Performance and participation: multi-sensual analysis of near eastern pre-pottery neolithic non-domestic architecture. Paléorient, Paléorient, 39(2): 47-67.
- McBride, A. (2014). The acoustics of archaeological architecture in the Near Eastern Neolithic. World archaeology, 46(3), 349-361.
- Notroff, J., Dietrich, O., & Schmidt, K. (2014). Building Monuments, Creating Communities. Approaching monumentality in archaeology, IEMA proceedings, 3, 83-105.
- Oliver Dietrich, Jens Notroff & Laura Dietrich (2018) Masks and masquerade in the Early Neolithic: a view from Upper Mesopotamia, Time and Mind, 11:1, 3-21, DOI: 10.1080/1751696X.2018.1433354
- Özdoğan, M. (2015). “Understanding Göbekli Tepe The Place of Göbekli Tepe in the History of Civilization”, Actual Archaeology Publishing
- Peters J. & Schmidt K. 2004. – Animals in the symbolic world of Pre-Pottery Neolithic Göbekli Tepe, south-eastern Turkey: a preliminary assessment. Anthropozoologica 39 (1): 179-218.
- Robbind S. P and Coulter M. (2002). Management, Seventh Edition, Prentice Hall: New Jersey, ISBN:0-13-031965-1
- Schmidt, K. (2001). Göbekli Tepe, southeastern Turkey. A preliminary report on the 1995–1999 excavations. Paléorient, 26(1): 45–54.
- Schmidt, K. (2002). The 2002 excavations at Göbekli Tepe (southeastern Turkey)–Impressions from an enigmatic site. Neo-Lithics, 2/02, 8–13.
- Schmidt, K. (2003). The 2003 campaign at Göbekli Tepe (southeastern Turkey). Neo-Lithics, 2/03, 3–8.
- Schmidt, K. (2010). Göbekli Tepe–the Stone Age Sanctuaries. New results of ongoing excavations with a special focus on sculptures and high reliefs. Documenta Praehistorica, 37, 239-256. DOI: 10.4312\dp.37.21
- Stoner, J., Freeman, R. E. and Gilbert D. A. (1995). Management, Sixth Edition, Prentice Hall: New Jersey, ISBN:0-13-108747-9
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the construction process of Göbeklitepe, which was built in the Neolithic Period around 10 thousand BC, within the framework of management and organization. Göbeklitepe is a historical area which has many historical artifacts and columns up to 6 meters in height, on which various symbols are engraved. It is highly unlikely that the columns in Göbeklitepe were built and erected by a single person. In this case, it is more likely to think that more than one person came together and combined their efforts, talents, and expertise in the construction of the Göbeklitepe area. It can be thought, then, that these people come together for a specific purpose and adopt the "management process" to plan, direct and evaluate the work they do. According to the result of the study, it can be stated that the understanding of "management and organization" played an important role in the formation of Göbeklitepe.
Keywords
Thanks
I would like to express my gratitude to Sanliurfa Provincial Director of Culture and Tourism, Aydın Aslan, who made significant contributions to the preparation of this study.
References
- Celik, B. (2017). A new Pre-Pottery Neolithic site in Southeastern Turkey: Ayanlar Höyük (Gre Hut). Documenta Praehistorica, 44, 360-367. DOI:10.4312\dp.44.22.
- Clare, 2017). Göbeklitepe, Neolitik Şanlıurfa Müzesi Arkeolojik Eser Kataloğu, Ed.Necmi Karul-Gülriz Kozbe-A. Yavuzkır, Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Yayınları
- Dietrich, O. Schmidt, Ç.K, Notroff, J. Schmidt, K. and Kürkçüoğlu C. (2012). Actual Archaeology Magazine, Anatolia, Summeri Issue 2
- Dietrich, O., & Schmidt, K. (2017). A short note on a new figurine type from Göbekli Tepe. Neo-Lithics, 1, 43-46. Ian Hodder and Lynn Meskell (2011), A “Curious and Sometimes a Trifle Macabre Artistry” Current Anthropology, 52 (2): 235-263
- J. Gresky, J. Haelm, L. Clare,(2017), Modified human crania from Göbekli Tepe provide evidence for a new form of Neolithic skull cult. Science Advances,. 3, e1700564 (2017).
- Klaus Schmidt (2008). Göbekli Tepe – Enclosure C,NEO-LITHICS 2/08 The Newsletter of Southwest Asian Neolithic Research
- Knitter, D., Braun, R., Clare, L., Nykamp, M., & Schütt, B. (2019). Göbekli Tepe: A Brief Description of the Environmental Development in the Surroundings of the UNESCO World Heritage Site. Land, 8(4), 72. doi:10.3390/land8040072
- Konstantin Pustovoytov (2006) Soils and Soil Sediments at Göbekli Tepe, Southeastern Turkey: A Preliminary Report, Geoarchaeology: An International Journal, 21 (7): 699–719
- Lee Clare, Oliver Dietrich, Jens Notroff and Devrim Sönmez (2018), Establishing identities in the Proto-Neolithic: 'history making' at Göbekli Tepe from the late tenth millennium cal BCE, Hodder, I. (Ed.). Religion, history, and place in the origin of settled life. University Press of Colorado..115-136. ISBN: 978-1-60732-736-3
- Mc Bride, A. (2013). Performance and participation: multi-sensual analysis of near eastern pre-pottery neolithic non-domestic architecture. Paléorient, Paléorient, 39(2): 47-67.
- McBride, A. (2014). The acoustics of archaeological architecture in the Near Eastern Neolithic. World archaeology, 46(3), 349-361.
- Notroff, J., Dietrich, O., & Schmidt, K. (2014). Building Monuments, Creating Communities. Approaching monumentality in archaeology, IEMA proceedings, 3, 83-105.
- Oliver Dietrich, Jens Notroff & Laura Dietrich (2018) Masks and masquerade in the Early Neolithic: a view from Upper Mesopotamia, Time and Mind, 11:1, 3-21, DOI: 10.1080/1751696X.2018.1433354
- Özdoğan, M. (2015). “Understanding Göbekli Tepe The Place of Göbekli Tepe in the History of Civilization”, Actual Archaeology Publishing
- Peters J. & Schmidt K. 2004. – Animals in the symbolic world of Pre-Pottery Neolithic Göbekli Tepe, south-eastern Turkey: a preliminary assessment. Anthropozoologica 39 (1): 179-218.
- Robbind S. P and Coulter M. (2002). Management, Seventh Edition, Prentice Hall: New Jersey, ISBN:0-13-031965-1
- Schmidt, K. (2001). Göbekli Tepe, southeastern Turkey. A preliminary report on the 1995–1999 excavations. Paléorient, 26(1): 45–54.
- Schmidt, K. (2002). The 2002 excavations at Göbekli Tepe (southeastern Turkey)–Impressions from an enigmatic site. Neo-Lithics, 2/02, 8–13.
- Schmidt, K. (2003). The 2003 campaign at Göbekli Tepe (southeastern Turkey). Neo-Lithics, 2/03, 3–8.
- Schmidt, K. (2010). Göbekli Tepe–the Stone Age Sanctuaries. New results of ongoing excavations with a special focus on sculptures and high reliefs. Documenta Praehistorica, 37, 239-256. DOI: 10.4312\dp.37.21
- Stoner, J., Freeman, R. E. and Gilbert D. A. (1995). Management, Sixth Edition, Prentice Hall: New Jersey, ISBN:0-13-108747-9
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Tourism (Other) |
| Journal Section | MAKALELER |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 29, 2022 |
| Submission Date | November 29, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022Volume: 5 Issue: 1-2 |
