Research Article
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Enhancing meaningful work through meaning in life: Mediating effect of prosocial organizational and individual behaviors

Year 2023, Volume: 23 Issue: 4, 531 - 542, 22.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.1134695

Abstract

The main aim of this study is to investigate the effect of meaning in life (MIL) on meaningful work (MW) and to examine the mediating role of prosocial organizational behavior (POB) and prosocial individual behavior (PIB). Data were obtained from employees (600) working in different sectors in Düzce city center. A mediation model was designed and tested employing bootstrapping technique. The results showed that ML had significant effects on MW, POB, and PIB. The findings also demonstrated significant effects of POB and PIB on MW. Besides, the mediating roles of POB and PIB were confirmed. The current study highlights meaning in life, prosocial organizational and individual behaviors as key factors in understanding how employees' find their work meaningful. However, it should be noted that POB has a stronger mediating effect than PIB. In addition, this study suggests that managers focus on prosocial behaviors depending on the contribution to the search for meaning in life and work.

References

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  • Altıntaş, T. T. & Bıçakçı, M. Y. (2017). Erken Çocukluk Döneminde Prososyal Davranışlar. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 57, 245-261.
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  • Arnold, K. A., Turner, N., Barling, J., Kelloway, E. K., & McKee, M. C. (2007). Transformational leadership and psychological well-being: The mediating role of meaningful work. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12, 193–203.
  • Ashmos, D. P. & Duchon, D. (2000). Spirituality at Work. Journal of Management Inquiry, 9(2), 134–145.
  • Balcı, O. & Ağ, C. (2019). Yaşamın Anlamı ve İşin Anlamlılığı Arasındaki İlişki. Uluslararası Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırma Dergisi, 6(33), 348-362.
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  • Battista, J. & Almond, R. (1973). The Development of Meaning in Life. Psychiatry, 36(4), 409-427.
  • Borman, W. C., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1993). Expanding the criterion domain to include elements of contextual performance. In N. Schmitt, & W. C. Borman (Eds.), Personnel selection in organizations (pp. 71 ± 98). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
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  • Brief, A. P. & Motowidlo, S. J. (1986). Prosocial organizational behaviors. Academy of management Review, 11(4), 710-725.
  • Byrne, B.M. (2010). Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS. Routledge Pub.: New York.
  • Chalofsky, N. (2003). An emerging construct for meaningful work. Human Resource Development International, 6(1), 69-83.
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  • Curran, P. J., West, S. G., & Finch, J. F. (1996). The robustness of test statistics to nonnormality and specification error in confirmatory factor analysis. Psychological methods, 1(1), 16-29.
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  • Dandona, A. (2013), Spirituality at Workplace. National Conference on Paradigm for Sustainable Business: People, Planet and Profit, 1-12.
  • De Dreu, C. K., & Nauta, A. (2009). Self-interest and other-orientation in organizational behavior: implications for job performance, prosocial behavior, and personal initiative. Journal of applied psychology, 94(4), 913.
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  • Flouri, E. & Sarmadi Z. (2016). Prosocial Behaviour and Childhood Trajectoried Internalizing and Externalizing Problems: The Role of Neighborhood and School Contetxts, Developmental Pschology, 52 (2), 253-258.
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  • Goldman, M., & Fordyce, J. (1983). Prosocial behavior as affected by eye contact, touch, and voice expression. The Journal of Social Psychology, 121(1), 125-129.
  • Göçen, A. & Terzi, R. (2019). Eğitim Örgütleri için Anlamlı İş Ölçeği. GEFAD/GUJGEF 39(3), 1487-1512.
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  • Gürses, İ., & Kuruçay, Y. (2018). Ergenlerde anlamsızlık ile ilgili problemlere dinin etkisi üzerine değerlendirmeler. İnönü Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(1), 87-111.
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  • Joireman, J., Daniels, D., George‐Falvy, J., & Kamdar, D. (2006). Organizational Citizenship Behaviors as a Function of Empathy, Consideration of Future Consequences, and Employee Time Horizon: An Initial Exploration Using an In‐Basket Simulation of OCBs 1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36(9), 2266-2292.
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Year 2023, Volume: 23 Issue: 4, 531 - 542, 22.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.1134695

Abstract

References

  • Adler, A. (2003). Yaşamın Anlam ve Amacı. (Çev. Kamuran Şipal). İstanbul: Say Yayınları.
  • Akıncı, A. (2005). Hayata Anlam Vermede Dini Değerlerin ve Din Öğretiminin Rolü. Değerler Eğitim Dergisi, 3(9), 7-24.
  • Allan, B. A., Douglass, R. P., Duffy, R. D., & McCarty, R. J. (2016). Meaningful work as a moderator of the relation between work stress and meaning in life. Journal of Career Assessment, 24(3), 429-440.
  • Altıntaş, T. T. & Bıçakçı, M. Y. (2017). Erken Çocukluk Döneminde Prososyal Davranışlar. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 57, 245-261.
  • Amabile, T., & Kramer, S. (2012). How leaders kill meaning at work. McKinsey Quarterly, January 2012, 124-131.
  • Arnold, K. A., Turner, N., Barling, J., Kelloway, E. K., & McKee, M. C. (2007). Transformational leadership and psychological well-being: The mediating role of meaningful work. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12, 193–203.
  • Ashmos, D. P. & Duchon, D. (2000). Spirituality at Work. Journal of Management Inquiry, 9(2), 134–145.
  • Balcı, O. & Ağ, C. (2019). Yaşamın Anlamı ve İşin Anlamlılığı Arasındaki İlişki. Uluslararası Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırma Dergisi, 6(33), 348-362.
  • Baron, R. M., & D. A. Kenny. (1986). The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51(6): 1173–1182.
  • Battista, J. & Almond, R. (1973). The Development of Meaning in Life. Psychiatry, 36(4), 409-427.
  • Borman, W. C., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1993). Expanding the criterion domain to include elements of contextual performance. In N. Schmitt, & W. C. Borman (Eds.), Personnel selection in organizations (pp. 71 ± 98). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Boyraz, G., Lightsey, O. R. & Can, A. (2013). The Turkish Version of the Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the Measurement Invariance Across Turkish and American Adult Samples. Journal of Personality Assessment, 95(4). 423-431.
  • Brief, A. P. & Motowidlo, S. J. (1986). Prosocial organizational behaviors. Academy of management Review, 11(4), 710-725.
  • Byrne, B.M. (2010). Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS. Routledge Pub.: New York.
  • Chalofsky, N. (2003). An emerging construct for meaningful work. Human Resource Development International, 6(1), 69-83.
  • Chang, B., Cheng, J., Fang, J., & Dang, J. (2021). The Indirect Effect of Death Anxiety on Experienced Meaning in Life via Search for Meaning and Prosocial Behavior. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1564.
  • Curran, P. J., West, S. G., & Finch, J. F. (1996). The robustness of test statistics to nonnormality and specification error in confirmatory factor analysis. Psychological methods, 1(1), 16-29.
  • Çetin, F. & Fıkıkoca, A. (2010). Rol Ötesi Olumlu Davranışlar Kişisel ve Tutumsal Faktörlerle Öngörülebilir Mi?. Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(65), 41-66.
  • Dambrun, M., & Ricard, M. (2011). Self-centeredness and selflessness: a theory of self-based psychological functioning and its consequences for happiness. Rev. Gen. Psychol. 15, 138–157.
  • Dandona, A. (2013), Spirituality at Workplace. National Conference on Paradigm for Sustainable Business: People, Planet and Profit, 1-12.
  • De Dreu, C. K., & Nauta, A. (2009). Self-interest and other-orientation in organizational behavior: implications for job performance, prosocial behavior, and personal initiative. Journal of applied psychology, 94(4), 913.
  • Dirkx, J. (1995). Earning a living or building a life? Reinterpreting the meaning of work in the practice of workplace education. paper presented at the Academy of Human Resource Development Conference, San Antonio, TX.
  • Dou, K., Wang, Y. J., Li, J. B., Li, J. J., & Nie, Y. G. (2018). Perceiving high social mindfulness during interpersonal interaction promotes cooperative behaviours. Asian J. Soc. Psychol. 21, 97–106.
  • Flouri, E. & Sarmadi Z. (2016). Prosocial Behaviour and Childhood Trajectoried Internalizing and Externalizing Problems: The Role of Neighborhood and School Contetxts, Developmental Pschology, 52 (2), 253-258.
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
  • Frankl, V. E. (2009). İnsanın Anlam Arayışı (Çev. Selçuk Budak). Okuyan Us Yayınları: İstanbul.
  • Fritz, M.S. & MacKinnon, D.P. (2007). Required Sample Size to Detect the Mediated Effect. Psychological Science, 18, 233-239.
  • Goldman, M., & Fordyce, J. (1983). Prosocial behavior as affected by eye contact, touch, and voice expression. The Journal of Social Psychology, 121(1), 125-129.
  • Göçen, A. & Terzi, R. (2019). Eğitim Örgütleri için Anlamlı İş Ölçeği. GEFAD/GUJGEF 39(3), 1487-1512.
  • Grant, A. M. (2012). Leading with meaning: Beneficiary contact, prosocial impact, and the performance effects of transformational leadership. Academy of management journal, 55(2), 458-476.
  • Gürbüz, S. (2019). Aracı, Düzenleyici ve Durumsal Etki Analizleri. Seçkin Yayınevi: Ankara.
  • Gürses, İ., & Kuruçay, Y. (2018). Ergenlerde anlamsızlık ile ilgili problemlere dinin etkisi üzerine değerlendirmeler. İnönü Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(1), 87-111.
  • Hayes, A.F. & Rockwood, N.J. (2017). Regression-Based Statistical Mediation and Moderation Analysis in Clinical Research: Observations, Recommendations, and Implementation. Behavior Research and Therapy, 98, 39-57.
  • Hayes, A.F. (2018). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. 2nd Edition. Guilford Publications: New York.
  • Holbeche, L., & Springett, N. (2009). In search of meaning at work. Roffey Park Institute: UK.
  • İşbaşı, J. Ö. (2000). Çalışanların Yöneticilerine Duydukları Güvenin ve Örgütsel Adalete İlişkin Algılamalarının Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışının Oluşumundaki Rolü: Bir Turizm Örgütünde Uygulama. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Antalya.
  • Jaeger, B. (1994) ‘The meaning of work among the self-employed’, unpublished doctoral dissertation, Saybrook Institute.
  • Joireman, J., Daniels, D., George‐Falvy, J., & Kamdar, D. (2006). Organizational Citizenship Behaviors as a Function of Empathy, Consideration of Future Consequences, and Employee Time Horizon: An Initial Exploration Using an In‐Basket Simulation of OCBs 1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36(9), 2266-2292.
  • Kamber, A. (2014). Duygusal Emek Bağlamında Çalışmanın Anlamı ve İşe Yabancılaşma. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Denizli.
  • Kapız, S. Ö. (2001). İşin Değişen Anlamı ve Birey Yaşamında Önemi, İş-güç Dergisi, 3(2).
  • Kartopu, S. (2006). Dini Yaşayışta Hayatı Sorgulama, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana.
  • Katz, D. (1964). The Motivational Basis of Organizational Behavior. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 9(2), 131-146.
  • Kim, H. Y. (2013). Statistical notes for clinical researchers: assessing normal distribution (2) using skewness and kurtosis. Restorative dentistry & endodontics, 38(1), 52-54.
  • Klein, N. (2017). Prosocial behavior increases perceptions of meaning in life. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(4), 354-361.
  • Klein, N., Grossman, I., Uskul, A. K., Kraus, A. A., & Epley, N. (2015). It pays to be nice, but not really nice: Asymmetric reputations from prosociality across 7 countries. Judgment and Decision Making, 10, 355–364.
  • Lee, H. J. (2001). Willingness and Capacity: The Determinants of Prosocial Organizational Behaviour Among Nurses in the UK. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(6), 1029–1048.
  • Lips-Wiersma, M. & Wright, S. (2012). Measuring the Meaning of Meaningful Work: Development and Validation of the Comprehensive Meaningful Work Scale (CMWS). Group & Organization Management, 37(5), 655-685.
  • McNeely, B.L. & Meglino, B.M. (1994). The role of dispositional and situational antecedents in prosocial organizational behavior: An examination of the intended beneficiaries of prosocial behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(6), 836–844.
  • Moorman, R. H., Niehoff, B. P. & Organ, D.W. (1993). Treating Employees Fairly and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Sorting the Effects of Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Procedural Justice. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 6, 209–225.
  • Morse, N. & Weiss, R. (1955). The Functıon and Meanıng of Work and the Job. American Sociological Review, 20(2), 191-198.
  • Öcal, H. & Sarnıç, A. (2017). Dönüştürücü Liderliğin Prososyal Örgütsel Davranış Üzerindeki Etkileri ve İmalat Endüstrisinde Bir Araştırma. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(2), 107-125.
  • Örgev, M. & Günalan, M. (2011). İşyeri Maneviyatı Üzerine Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(2), 51-64.
  • Podsakoff, P. M., & Organ, D. W. (1986). Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects. Journal of management, 12(4), 531-544.
  • Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of applied psychology, 88(5), 879.
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There are 79 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Business Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Faruk Kerem Şentürk 0000-0002-3055-0797

Dilara Altunok 0000-0003-2658-0798

Early Pub Date October 18, 2023
Publication Date October 22, 2023
Acceptance Date May 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 23 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Şentürk, F. K., & Altunok, D. (2023). Enhancing meaningful work through meaning in life: Mediating effect of prosocial organizational and individual behaviors. Ege Academic Review, 23(4), 531-542. https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.1134695
AMA Şentürk FK, Altunok D. Enhancing meaningful work through meaning in life: Mediating effect of prosocial organizational and individual behaviors. ear. October 2023;23(4):531-542. doi:10.21121/eab.1134695
Chicago Şentürk, Faruk Kerem, and Dilara Altunok. “Enhancing Meaningful Work through Meaning in Life: Mediating Effect of Prosocial Organizational and Individual Behaviors”. Ege Academic Review 23, no. 4 (October 2023): 531-42. https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.1134695.
EndNote Şentürk FK, Altunok D (October 1, 2023) Enhancing meaningful work through meaning in life: Mediating effect of prosocial organizational and individual behaviors. Ege Academic Review 23 4 531–542.
IEEE F. K. Şentürk and D. Altunok, “Enhancing meaningful work through meaning in life: Mediating effect of prosocial organizational and individual behaviors”, ear, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 531–542, 2023, doi: 10.21121/eab.1134695.
ISNAD Şentürk, Faruk Kerem - Altunok, Dilara. “Enhancing Meaningful Work through Meaning in Life: Mediating Effect of Prosocial Organizational and Individual Behaviors”. Ege Academic Review 23/4 (October 2023), 531-542. https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.1134695.
JAMA Şentürk FK, Altunok D. Enhancing meaningful work through meaning in life: Mediating effect of prosocial organizational and individual behaviors. ear. 2023;23:531–542.
MLA Şentürk, Faruk Kerem and Dilara Altunok. “Enhancing Meaningful Work through Meaning in Life: Mediating Effect of Prosocial Organizational and Individual Behaviors”. Ege Academic Review, vol. 23, no. 4, 2023, pp. 531-42, doi:10.21121/eab.1134695.
Vancouver Şentürk FK, Altunok D. Enhancing meaningful work through meaning in life: Mediating effect of prosocial organizational and individual behaviors. ear. 2023;23(4):531-42.